Grafting. 



GRAPE MANUAL. 



Grafting. 37 



Fig. 57 shows a well- 

 made "Champin-graft." 



It now remains to be 

 covered with a thin but 

 well-applied coating of 

 grafting-clay,* and after 

 that will be ready for 

 planting out ; or, if the 

 operation is performed in 

 winter, before the planting 

 season, it may be stored 

 in the cellar, or some other 

 suitable place, carefully 

 packed away in sand or 

 sawdust. 



The operation of graft- 

 ing upon simple cuttings 

 is performed in precisely 

 the same manner. A 

 grafted cutting is shown 

 in Fig. 58. 



The grafted cutting 

 should be planted out in 

 nursery rows and grown 

 there for one season before 

 they are set out for per- 

 manent vineyard planta- 



Fig. 57. 



tion. This plan is now pursued on 

 a very extensive scale in France. 



It may sometimes be desirable to 

 graft on a layered cane ; for instance, 

 in filling a vacancy in a vineyard-row, 

 or in cases where no good place can 

 be obtained for inserting a graft at 

 the collar of an old vine to be operated 



* A narrow strip of tin -foil, wound around 

 the graft, makes an excellent substitute for 

 grafting clay or wax If well put on, it will 

 exclude all air and moisture. Narrow strips 

 or bands of elastic india-rubber are also used 

 very extensively in France ; these are wound 

 around the graft and serve at once as tie and 

 mastic. They offer besides the great ad- 

 vantage that they will expand with the growth of the 

 stock and consequently will not strangle the graft, as 

 it is sometimes the case with other ties when not re- 

 moved in time. These rubber bands should be about % 

 to y t inch in width. 



upon ; in such cdses, a thrifty young cane is 

 grafted at some desirable point near its end. 

 The graft may be either an ordinary 

 cleft-graft, a common whip-graft, 

 or a Champin-graft, or, as the 

 illustration Fig. 59 shows, a saddle- 

 graft. The saddle-graft is noth- 

 ing else than an inverted cleft- 

 graft, the cleft being made in the 

 scion, while the tongue or wedge is 

 cut on the stock. Fig. 59 shows the 

 layered cane and graft, and will 

 make the operation plain to the 

 reader. One great advantage of 

 grafting a layered cane is, that the 

 stock is not sacrificed in case the 

 graft should fail to grow; it also 

 enables us to obtain a number of 

 such grafts from one vine. In this 

 case the layered canes should be 

 separated from the parent stocks in 

 the latter part of summer, and may 

 be taken up in the fall like any 

 other ordinary layers. 



When the object of grafting is to 

 place a European variety or a 

 hybrid, s ubject to 

 the attacks of' the 

 Phylloxera, beyond 

 reach of harm by 

 the insect, it is 

 very important to 

 place the graft as 

 near the surface of 

 the soil as possible, 

 so as to prevent the 

 scion from making 

 ts own roots. Dur- 

 ing the first sum- 

 mer, the grafts 

 should be carefully 

 examined about once 



Fig. 58. 



Fig. 59. 



a month, and any roots which may have formed 

 from the scion should be cut off. Where the 



