38 Grafting, 



BUSHBEHG CATALOGUE. 



Grafting. 



scion is itself of a phylloxera-resisting variety, 

 this precaution is, of course, unnecessary. 



It frequently happens that the buds of the 

 grafts swell rapidly within a few days after the 

 operation, and then, after having given great 

 promise for a week or two, they turn brown 

 and apparently die off, Do not let this dis- 

 courage you too quickly, and above all make 

 no rash examinations of the cause of this seem- 

 ing failure, by pulling out the scion or other- 

 wise loosening it. A graft will often remain 

 in this state for a period of five or six weeks, 

 and then start up all at once with a vigor that 

 will push young wood to the length of twenty 

 or more feet the same season. Keep the young 

 growth well tied up, and carefully remove all 

 suckers from the parent stock as soon as they 

 appear. 



A method of "Green or Herbaceous graft- 

 ing," which is said to give excellent results, 

 and is extensively practiced in some parts of 

 Hungary, especially in the grape regions around 

 BUDA-PESTH, is described in the Ampelogra- 

 phische Berichte, January 1880, as follows : ' In 

 the month of May, when the young shoots 

 have not yet become woody but have already 

 well-developed eyes at the base of the leaf, the 

 shoot which is to be grafted is cut off close be- 

 low an eye ; it is then split nearly up to the eye 

 below the cut. The scion, which has been 

 taken from a suitable young shoot, is cut to 

 one eye with a long, thin wedge, below which 

 it is fitted nicely into the split. The graft is 

 then wrapped with woolen yarn. After a few 

 days the eye will begin to swell and grow, and 

 after a complete union has taken place will 

 develop shoots of a yard (over 90 centim.) or 

 more in length, the same season. During the 

 first winter the grafted canes should be laid 

 down and covered, to protect them from in- 

 jury by frost. The advantages of this method 

 of grafting are, that fruit may often be ob- 

 tained the first season, that several grafts can 

 be made on the same stock, and that the opera- 

 tion is a very easy one ; a skilled hand can 

 easily graft one hundred and fifty or more in 

 a day ; and that it is performed at a time when 

 other work in the vineyard is, comparatively, 

 not very pressing.' 



Another method of grafting, above the 

 ground, is by 



GRAFTING BY APPROACH OR INARCHING. 



For this method it is desirable that two 

 plants, one each of the variety which is to 

 form the stock, and one of the scion, are plant- 

 ed close together, say about one foot apart. 

 In June (the first year, if the plants make a 



sufficiently strong growth, if not, the second 

 year), or as soon as the young shoots become 

 sufficiently hard and woody to bear the knife, 

 a shoot is taken from both the stock and the 

 scion vine, and at a convenient place, where 

 they may be brought in contact, a shaving is 

 taken out from each of these, on the side next 

 to the other, for a length of two or three inches. 

 This must be done with a smooth cut of a sharp 

 knife, a little deeper than the inner bark, so as 

 to obtain on each a flat surface. They are then 

 fitted snugly together, so that the inner bark 

 j joins as much as possible, and are wrapped 

 securely with some old calico strips, or with soft 

 bass strings. Besides this, it is well to place 

 one tie a little below, and one above the grafted 

 point, and also to tie the united canes to a stake 

 or trellis to insure against all chances of loosen- 

 ing by the swaying of the wind. The rapid 

 swelling of the young growth at this period of 

 the year makes it desirable that the grafts be 

 looked over after a few weeks, replacing such 

 ties which may have burst, and loosening 

 others which may bind so as to cut into the 

 wood. A union will generally be made in the 

 course of two or three weeks, which will be 

 further consolidated in the course of six to 

 eight weeks, when the bandages may be re- 

 moved and the grafted portion left exposed to 

 the sun, to thoroughly harden and ripen it. 

 The shoots themselves are to be left to grow 

 undisturbed for the rest of the season. In the 

 fall, if a good union has taken place, the cane 

 forming the scion is cut close below its union 

 with the stock cane, which in its turn is cut 

 close above the connection. Supposing the 

 stock to have been a Concord and the scion 'a 

 Delaware, we now have a vine of the latter en- 

 tirely on the strong, vigorous root of the 

 former. Of course constant vigilance must be 

 exercised to prevent suckers from starting out 

 of the stock. It is well to protect the grafted 

 joint the first few winters by a slight covering 

 of straw or soil to prevent the frost from split- 

 ting it apart. 



Another mode of grafting above ground 

 (copied from "The Gardner's Monthly" by 

 W. C. Strong in his valuable work, "The Cul- 

 tivation of the Grape ") is not merely interest- 

 ing in itself, but also illustrative of many othe 

 modifications in grafting : (See Fig. 60.) 



"After the first four or five leaves are formed, 

 and the sap is flowing, you choose the place 

 on the vine where you intend to graft. At that 

 point wrap a twine tightly several times 

 around the vine. This will, in a measure, pre- 

 vent the return sap. 



