94 Duchess. 



BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. 



El Dorado. 



Dunn. (jEst.) A new grape obtained from a Mr. 

 Dunn in W. Texas, and named after him by G. Onder- 

 donk, Mission Valley, Texas. Vine a vigorous grower, 

 in habit and foliage precisely like the Herbemont, but 

 bunches generally not shouldered, and berries above 

 Herbemont in size and paler in color ; ripens about 

 when the Herbemont is gone, which is a valuable feat- 

 ure for southern Texas and similar southern climates, 

 but makes it unfit for our northern and even for the 

 central States. 



Further experiments make it doubtful whether this 

 variety is sufficiently distinct from the Herbemont, 

 and whether the difference in size and time of ripen- 

 ing may not have been due to other circumstances, 

 conditions of soil, &c. No plants will be sent out until 

 this has been determined. 



Duchess, a new, fine white table-grape, raised 

 near Newburgh, N. Y., by A. 8. Cay wood & Son, 

 who states that "it was produced by crossing 

 a WHITE COXCORD Seedling with DELAWARE 

 or WALTER, the pollen of both being applied 

 at the same time.'' The vine is a vigorous 

 grower, with moderately short-jointed shoots ; 

 leaves large, light green, rather thick, coarsely 

 serrated, adhere to the vine very late in the 

 season; vine abundantly productive. Bunch, 

 medium to large (from | to f Ibs. each), shoul- 

 dered, occasionally double-shouldered, com- 

 pact; berries medium, roundish, inclining to 

 oval; skin rather thick, light green at first, 

 but pale greenish-yellow when mature, some- 

 times a golden yellow where fully exposed and 

 gathered late, and covered with a thin whitish 

 bloom; flesh tender, free from pulp, juicy, 

 sweet, spicy, rich, and of excellent quality ; 

 the berries adhere strongly to the peduncle, 

 and the fruit keeps a long time after being 

 gathered. Ripens soon after the Concord. 

 Charles Downing. 



JohnJ. Thomas, recognized as good authority 

 among pomologists, says: In quality, it is 

 unquestionably one of the most delicious of 

 all out-door varieties, and in growth the vines 

 possess great vigor and hardiness, withstand- 

 ing our winters uninjured. President Wilder, 

 says: "The Duchess is as well adapted to 

 exportation as the White Malaga, and is of 

 much better quality; I think it is the begin- 

 ning of the production of grapes for export." 

 In a discussion on the new grape, at the Am. 

 Pomol. Society meeting, 1881, Mr. Cay wood re- 

 marked "that the Duchess will not endure 

 high feed. It grows rampantly, making thirty 

 feet on the vines at three years old. It is a 

 grape for the poor man. It will grow without 

 obliging him to spend all the money the grapes 

 bring for fertilizers." He assures us also, that : 

 "It ripens with Concord and carries better 

 than any other known variety, having been 

 sent to California and back again in good con- 



dition, and five weeks afterward the same 

 clusters were sent to the exhibition at Atlanta, 

 Ga. It keeps without difficulty until spring. 

 All grapes that carry well keep well from the 

 same general cause." Testimony as to the 

 excellence of the Duchess grape has been re- 

 ceived from many of the most eminent author- 

 ities in the country. It is, in our opinion, one 

 of the best white grapes and second to none 

 for family use. 



Early Dawn. (Hybr. ) An early black grape of 

 fine quality which originated with Dr. Wm. A. M. 

 Culbert, of Newburgh, N. Y., being a cross of Muscat- 

 Hamburg & Israella ; vine healthy, vigorous, and very 

 productive ; wood moderately short-jointed ; leaves 

 large, thick and firm, roundish, broadly but not deep- 

 ly serrated, sometimes slightly lobed. Bunch medium 

 to large, long, shouldered ; berry medium, round, black 

 with a thick blue bloom ; skin thin but firm ; flesh 

 tender, juicy, sweet, slightly vinous, rich, and of very 

 good quality ; the fruit adheres well to the peduncle, 

 keeps well, and is a valuable addition to the early 

 grapes; either for the table or market. Ripens a week 

 or more before the Hartford Prolific. Chas. Downing. 



P. M. Augur of Connecticut, O. B. Hadwen of Mas- 

 sachusetts, and some others, consider it one of the best 

 early varieties ; a moderate grower, with a moderately 

 good bunch. So far, it has not been tested in the west, 

 and its parentage gives us no confidence in its value. 



Hudson(?). An early, round, black grape, 

 of little value, except as a curiosity, inasmuch as some 

 of the berries contain no seed. 



Edinburgh. Syn., ELSINBORO, SMART'S En> 

 SINBOROUGH. (^Est.} Supposed to have origin- 

 ated in Elsinburgh, Salem county, N. J. An 

 amateur grape, of fine quality ; ripens early. 

 Bunches medium to large, rather loose, shoul- 

 dered ; berries small, round ; skin thick, black 

 covered with a thin bloom ; flesh without pulp, 

 sweet, vinous. Leaves deeply five-lobed, dark 

 green, smooth ; wood long-jointed and slender. 

 Subject to mildew. 



Elizabeth. (Labr.) Originated on the farm of 

 Joseph Hart, near Rochester, N. Y., and described in 

 the Rural New Yorker : Bunches large, compact ; ber- 

 ries large, roundish-oval, greenish white with a purple 

 tinge in the sun ; flesh rather pulpy, acid. 



El Dorado. Another of Ricketts' seedlings, pro- 

 duced by crossing Concord with Allen's hybrid. Vine 

 partakes strongly of the parent Concord in every par- 

 ticular, while in fruit the bunch is very regular and 

 much larger. Berry large, round, clear golden yellow 

 with a thin white bloom, and few seeds. It is & full 

 sister to the Lady Washington (between which there 

 exists a strong resemblance), ripens early, and is per- 

 haps the highest flavored grape, either hardy or exotic, 

 in existence possessing a delicate though decided 

 aroma resembling pineapples ; foliage and habit of 

 growth good, so far as tested. Not tested by us. 



