143 Wylie's Hybr. 



BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. 



York Madeira. 



with a peculiar flavor ; appears to ripen its berries 

 together (as early as Concord) and adhere well, 

 which some of the hybrid Scuppernong do not. I 

 think it may suit your climate ; it is certainly wor- 

 thy of a full trial. 



Halifax and Delaware No. 3O. Color of Dela- 

 ware; bunch about same size ; berries one-half larger ; 

 texture and flavor also much like Delaware, but 

 holds (here) its leaves better, and is healthier gener- 

 ally, with leaves somewhat hoary underneath. A 

 great bearer. 



Halifax and Delaware No. 38. Of deeper red 

 color than the former and of superior flavor, but not 

 as strong a grower as No. 30. Wood hard, leaves 

 hoary, and ferruginous (rusty) underneath. Mr. 

 Guthrie tells me that this variety was the most pre- 

 ferred among about 80 Hybrids he had bearing. 



Halifax and Hybrid No. 55. Blue, like Halifax, 

 but high-flavored, tender and very sweet ; bunch and 

 berry larger than Nos. 30 and 38. I think it will prove 

 a great acquisition. 



I have sent you nearly all of my hybrids that may 

 be sufficiently hardy for your climate. I still con- 

 tinue to hybridize, more or less, every year. 



A. P. WYLIE. 

 Wyoming-Red. See WILMINGTON-RED. 



York Madeira. Syn., BLACK GERMAN, LARGE GER- 

 MAN, SMALL GERMAN, MAEION PORT, WOLFE, MON- 

 TEITH, TRYON. An old variety, generally supposed 

 to be a seedling of Isabella; originated at York, Pa. 

 French viticulturists classify it as a hybrid. MARES 

 finds in the structure of its roots great analogy with 

 the JEsti valis, and that it is difficult to classify. Bunch 

 medium sized, compact, and generally has a small 

 shoulder; berry of medium size, roundish-oval, black 

 thickly covered with a light bloom ; juice slightly 

 reddened, sweet, vinous, not very rich ; skin some- 

 what pungent, and not much toughness in its pulp 

 when fully ripe, which is about same time with Isa- 

 bella. The vine is not very hardy, short-jointed, 

 moderately vigorous and productive, but often losing 

 its leaves, and consequently failing to ripen its crop. 



Charles Canby, of Wilmington, Del., introduced 

 the same variety as Canby's August. Hyde's Eliza 

 (Catskill, N. Y.) is probably also the same grape. 



The "York Madeira" is now almost entirely dis- 

 carded and but rarely found in its native land, Amer- 

 ica, but in FRANCE it has obtained a certain import- 

 ance and celebrity. M. Lalirnan, of Bordeaux, first 

 recommended it as remarkably free from phylloxera 

 and worthy of propagation, and it was found to adapt 

 itself very well to various soils. Though its fructifi- 

 cation is not satisfactory in quantity, its grapes gain 

 under that climate in richness of color and sweet- 

 .ness, and its vigorous growth recommends it as a 

 grafting-stock ; but as such also it is inferior to the 

 Riparia. 



CONTENTS 



1. GRAPE MANUAL. 



Page. 



Climate, Soil and Aspect; Atmospheric Conditions and other influences affecting the Grape 5 



Historical Notes. Attempts to Cultivate the European Grape ; their failure. The Phylloxera 7, 8 



Classification of the True Grape-vines of the United States, by Dr. G. Engelmann, of St. Louis, Mo., with a 



table of Grape-seeds and figure of diaphragms 9 19 



Hybridity, by Dr. G. Engelmann 1920 



Viticultural Remarks 011 our American Species, with lists of their Cult ivated Varieties 21 26 



" onHybrids 27, 28 



Location. Preparing the Soil ; Planting ; Number of Vines per Acre 28 ?0 



Seed Culture. Tendency to Variation, &c 30, 31 



Crafting. Various Methods, with many Illustrations 3239 



Planting. (Continued.) Training. Treatment during first year. Trellis or Stakes. Cultivating 3941 



Treatment during Second and Third Seasons. Tying 42 



Pruning ; Spring or Summer-pruning ; Fall or Winter-pruning, &c 43 46 



Diseases of the Grape, by Dr. G. Engelmann 47, 48 



Vitlcultural Remarks on Mildew (Peronospora) and liot ( I'homa vivicola) 49 51 



Insects Injurious to the Grape, after Prof. C. V. Riley's Reports 5257 



" Beneficial, by feeding upon Injurious Insects, by same 58 60 



Gathering, Packing, Preserving, &c W 



Wine Making 6166 



