402 GOVERNMENT IX 



ing equality, but they left it to Baboeuf to try to 

 go as far as Mably. In their methods of endeav- 

 ouring (by the help of the guillotine) to " force 

 men to be free," they supplied the works naturally 

 brought forth by the Rousseauite faith. And still 

 / more were they obedient to the master in insisting 

 on a State religion, and in certifying the existence 

 of God by a governmental decree. 



The regimental Socialists of our own time 

 appear to believe that, in their hands, political 

 regimentation has taken a new departure, and 

 substantially differs from that of the older apostles 

 of their creed. Certainly they diverge from the 

 views of Owen or of Fourier; but I can find 

 nothing of importance in the serious writings of 

 the modern school, nor even in their romances, 

 which may not be discovered in the works of 

 Morelly and of Mably ,vvvhose advocacy of the 

 doctrines that several ownership is the root of all 

 the evils of society ; that the golden age would 

 return if only the State directed production and 

 regulated consumption ; and that the love of ap- 

 probation affords a stimulus to industry, sufficient 

 to replace all those furnished by the love of power, 

 of wealth and of sensual gratification, in our pres- 

 ent imperfect state, is as powerful as that of any 

 later writers. 



We may now turn to the other line of develop- 

 ment of political philosophy based upon a priori 



