46 ON THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE n 



marks made by his shoe, by a mental process 

 identical with that by which Cuvier restored the 

 extinct animals of Montmartre from fragments of 

 their bones. Nor does that process of induction 

 and deduction by which a lady, finding a stain of 

 a peculiar kind upon her dress, concludes that 

 somebody has upset the inkstand thereon, differ in 

 any way, in kind, from that by which Adams and 

 Leverrier discovered a new planet. 



The man of science, in fact, simply uses with 

 scrupulous exactness the methods which we all, 

 habitually and at every moment, use carelessly ; 

 and the man of business must as much avail him- 

 self of the scientific method must be as truly a 

 man of science as the veriest bookworm of us 

 all ; though I have no doubt that the man of busi- 

 ness will find himself out to be a philosopher with 

 as much surprise as M. Jourdain exhibited when 

 he discovered that he had been all his life talking 

 prose. If, however, there be no real difference be- 

 tween the methods of science and those of common 

 life, it would seem, on the face of the matter, 

 highly improbable that there should be any 

 difference between the methods of the different 

 sciences ; nevertheless, it is constantly taken for 

 granted that there is a very wide difference between 

 the Physiological and other sciences in point of 

 method. 



In the first place it is said and I take this point 

 first, because the imputation is too frequently ad- 



