Page 92. 
130 THE VISCERAL ANATOMY 
22, ON THE VISCERAL ANATOMY OF THE SUMATRAN. 
RHINOCEROS (CERATORHINUS SUMATRENSIS).* 
TE death on September 21st, 1872, of the only English specimen of 
the Sumatran Rhinoceros has afforded me an opportunity of deter- 
mining many points in its anatomy previously unknown; and Pro- 
fessor Owen’s excellent memoir on Rhinoceros indicus, in the fourth 
volume of the Society’s “‘ Transactions,” has made it possible to com- 
pare the details of structure in the two species. 
The differences in the shape of the stomach, and the character of 
the mucous membrane of the small intestine, together with the pecu- 
liavities of the skin, including the presence of a second horn, the 
absence of a gland behind the foot, and the smallness of the folds, 
which cannot accurately be termed shields, appear to me quite to 
justify the separation, into a distinct genus, of the Sumatran Rhi- 
noceros from its Indian ally, as has been done by Dr. Gray from a 
study of its osteology only. 
The specimen upon which these observations are based is said to 
have been captured in Malacca: it is an aged female: its skin is of 
a dark slate-colour, and is covered thinly with black hairs, which are 
more than an inch long, situated mostly on the middle line of the 
back and on the outer sides of the limbs. Its length from the tip of 
the nose to the base of the tail is 964 inches. The tail is 22 inches 
long; from its base to the transverse shoulder-fold is 44 inches; and 
from the latter to the occipital crest is 22 inches. The ears are lined, 
and not fringed (as are those of the Ceratorhinus lasiotis) with black 
hairs. No traces could be found at the back of the feet of the glands 
described by Professor Owen in the Indian Rhinoceros. 
The skull, the only part of the skeleton which I have examined, 
is 21% inches from the tip of the nasal bones to the middle of the 
occipital crest, following its longitudinal direction. From one lachry- 
mal tubercle over the head to that of the opposite side is 8 inches. 
The conjoined nasal bones in their broadest part are 6% inches 
across from their lower margins over the insertion of the anterior 
horn. 
The lower incisors and the first premolars are lost; Professor 
* “Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 1873, pp. 92-104. Read, Jan. 21, 
1873. 
+ See for an account of its history Mr. Sclater’s notes, “ Proceedings of the 
Zoological Society,” 1872, p. 494. 
