OF THE SUMATRAN RHINOCEROS. 137 
small intestine. There are nineteen of these folds in each six inches of 
the intestine ; and they continue unchanged to within half an inch of the Page 98. 
ileo-cecal valve, where they cease. Their great number (over 1,300), 
. extreme simplicity, and uniformity is very striking; they project 
nearly $ inch into the intestine. Many are continuous right round 
the tube; but where two approach one another, as is frequently the 
case, an intermediate one frequently ceases after having made nearly 
a complete circle. A few are to be seen extending for only about an 
inch ; but most are either that size or considerably longer. There are 
no traces of any triangular or cylindrical papille the whole length of 
the intestine. 
The bile and pancreatic ducts open on a papilla situated a foot from 
the pylorus, among the valvule conniventes, on the mesenteric border 
of the gut. This papilla is conical and rounded, projecting half an 
inch, with a single orifice at its apex. There is a second smaller orifice 
for a duct two inches further on, between two of the valvule and on 
one side of the main one. 
No Peyer’s patches could be found; and in their usual situation 
there was no irregularity of the valvule conniventes. 
The ileo-czcal valve does not project to any extent into the colon; Page 99. 
but where the small intestine ceases, on the border of the ileo-cecal 
orifice which is nearest the caput ceci, there are two closely approxi- 
mated globose, apparently glandular masses, about the size of Tangerine 
oranges, situated in the walls of the intestine. 
The colon presents features of great interest, and agrees in its con- 
volutions with the Indian Rhinoceros. When the abdomen is opened 
by a ventral longitudinal and transverse incision, the posterior por- 
tion, or the hypogastric region, is seen to be occupied entirely by a Page 100. 
large, apparently globose viscus, which is the ventral wall of the 
cecum: anteriorly to this, in the umbilical region, is seen a very 
capacious and sacculated tube, running nearly transversely and a 
little backwards as it tends to the left side; this is the posterior 
moiety of the enormous loop of the first part of the colon (ascending 
colon in man). Further forward, in the epigastric region, and some- 
what covered by the ribs, is seen another transverse, but less con- 
siderable, sacculated tube, which is the anterior moiety of the same 
loop. There is no omentum covering these viscera. Nothing more 
can be seen without moving these parts. 
When the intestines are removed from the abdomen, the following 
disposition of the viscera is observed. From the huge subglobose 
cecum, which is median in position, with its axis slightly obliquely 
, backwards and to the left, the colon is directed forwards and to the Page 101. 
| right; but it almost immediately gives rise to the very considerable 
colic loop, which is directed first transversely to the left, and con- 
io i 
