Page 103. 
140 THE VISCERAL ANATOMY 
164 inches. From this point it rapidly reduces in the transverse colon, 
remaining somewhat sacculated, with only one longitudinal band, 
which is at the mesenteric border, till at the sigmoid flexure the 
diameter is 64 inches. The colic loop is just 5 feet long. There are 
no regular folds of the mucous membrane of the large intestine, but 
many minor ones, which disappear when the tube is distended. The 
rectum is nearly 7 inches in diameter. 
This arrangement of the colon is different from that of the Horse 
in that the portion corresponding to the ascending colon is longer in 
the latter. In the Horse and Tapir the colic loop is formed from the 
transverse colon, in this Rhinoceros more from the right hypochon- 
driac angle of that viscus. In the direction of the cacum, namely 
backwards and to the left, the Rhinoceros agrees with the Tapir and 
differs entirely from the Horse. 
The liver is not large, considering the size of the sain. It 
weighs slightly over 15 lb., is Aattened, and has no gall-bladder. 
Adopting Professor Flower’s method of describing this organ, all the 
main divisions are indicated, though most of the fissures are not deep. 
The left lateral lobe is the largest, and is overlapped by the left central 
along its median border. On the anterior surface the fissure between 
the two extends upwards to the left lateral suspensory ligament, and 
therefore nearly through its whole surface ; posteriorly it only extends 
up to about two thirds the distance. The median suture, between the 
left and right central lobes, extends halfway up the organ anteriorly 
and not quite so far posteriorly, where it is stopped abruptly by a 
transverse bridge of hepatic tissue. The left central lobe is triangular, 
prismatic, and elongate, coming to a point below on a level with the 
general contour-line. One flat surface of this prism, the largest, is 
directed forwards; and the other two are wedged between the left 
lateral and right central lobes. 
The right central lobe is less differentiated from the right lateral 
than those just described are from one another, the fissure only extend- 
ing upwards a short distance; and it is itself cleft to nearly the same 
extent near the middle of its truncated inferior border. The right 
lateral, the lobe second in size, is suboval and simple, with the margin 
entire. Mesially it slightly overlaps the right central lobe at its 
inferior corner. 
The caudate is a very considerable lobe, shaped much like the left 
central, but larger; it is elongate, ovate, prismatic, and pointed at its 
free end. The largest side is directed forwards; and the external 
margin of the right lateral overlaps it considerably. It is 15} inches 
long, the whole liver, when lying on a flat slab, measuring 22 inches 
across, and 14 inches from above downwards. In no part does it 
measure more than 33 inches from before backwards. 
