Page 252. 
232 THE ANATOMY OF THE COLUMBZ. 
III. The presence or absence of cceca to the intestine in the genera 
of the Columbe. 
My dissections lead to the result that the intestinal ceca are 
absent in more genera of Pigeons than they are present in, being 
found in only 7 out of 26. When present they never exceed a quarter 
of an inch in length (except in the Pteroclide), and are frequently 
not half that size. In Turtur they are generally shorter than in 
Columba. 
' Ceeca are present in 
Columba, Pterocles, 
Lictopistes, Starnenas, 
Macropygqia, Turtur. 
Phlogenas, 
Ceeca are absent in 
Calenas, Lopholemus, 
Carpophaga, Metriopelia, 
Chalcopelia, Ocyphaps, 
Chalcophaps, Phaps, 
Chamepelia, Ptilopus, 
Diduneulus, Treron, 
Geopelia, Tympanistria, 
Goura, Zenaida, 
Leptoptila, Zenaidura. 
Leucosarcia, 
IV. The presence or absence of the ambiens muscle in the genera of 
; the Columbee. 
This muscle, of which the slender tendon runs in such a peculiar 
manner obliquely across the knee, arising from the supero-anterior 
margin of the acetabulum, and inserted into the muscular fibres of 
the flexor perforatus of the toes, is found in the greater number of the 
Pigeons I have examined, being present in about three fourths of the 
genera. 
The ambiens muscle is present in 
Calenas, Leptoptila, 
Carpophaga, Leucosarcia, 
Chalcopelia, Lopholemus, 
Chalcophaps, Macropygia, 
Chamepelia, Metriopelia, 
Columba, Ocyphaps, 
Didunculus, Phaps, 
Ectopistes, Pterocles, 
. oo) Gees aii 
