REPORT ON THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. 301 
tric arises from its lower end only, and the stylohyoid from the angle 
formed at its junction with the body of the bone. 
In the Elephant therefore the deficiency of the lateral interme- 
diate elements of the hyoid apparatus permit of a much greater 
movement of the base of the tongue than in the Ungulata, whose 
nearly rigid stylohyals, epihyals, and ceratohyals can allow of little 
more than an antero-posterior movement of the base of the tongue, in 
part of the circle of which the hyo-cranial attachment is the centre. 
48. REPORT ON THE INDIAN ELEPHANT WHICH 
DIED IN THE GARDENS JULY 71a, 1875.* 
On May Ist, 1851, the Society purchased of Mr. Batty (then of the Page 542. 
Circus, Westminster Bridge), for £800, an adult female Hlephas 
indicus with its female calf. The specimens had been deposited in 
the Society’s Gardens on the 19th of the preceding month. In the 
spring of the year 1850, John Stimpson, now keeper in the Society’s 
service, left the E.I. Company’s military service, and when at Cawn- 
poor, on his way to Calcutta, met an animal-dealer, Mr. Wallace, 
who was on his way to Calcutta with the female and calf in question 
as well as another Elephant. Stimpson is sure that the calf was born 
after the female had been captured, and thinks that it was three 
: months old when he first saw it. He assisted in taking charge of the 
animals till they arrived in this country: they were five months on 
the voyage. 
ee 
Of the two specimens purchased by the Society the mother was 
sold on April 28th, 1854, to the Zoological Society of Brussels, the 
calf continuing to suckle until that date, i.e., until upwards of four 
years of age. 
It is this calf of 1851 which died on July 7th, 1875 (25 years 
old). The Superintendent, the head keeper, and the Elephant-keepers 
are of opinion that it continued to grow until within a year of its 
death. Its height at the withers at the time of its death was just 
eight feet. 
For the last four years at least the animal has lost the power of 
extending its trunk, from paralysis of the anterior intrinsic muscles 
of that organ. It has thus not been able to throw its trunk over its 
* “Proceedings of the Zoolegical Society,” 1875, pp. 542-38. Read, Nov. 2, 
1875. 
