= 
ON THE GROUND-HORNBILL. 317 
instead of coursing the above-mentioned canal with its fellow, rans 
up along the side of the neck together with the left pneumogastric 
nerve to reach the head. In Bucorvus, in the specimen dissected by 
me at least,* a further extension of this peculiarity obtains ; for both 
the carotids, instead of meeting and running together, course up the 
sides of the neck m company with the pneumogastric nerves and 
jugular veins of their respective sides, as they do in mammals, and in 
no other birds, as far as I am aware. Another peculiarity is, that 
these abnormally placed carotids are particularly small in calibre; and 
I noticed that the vertebrals were as conspicuously large, evidently to 
make up the blood-supply of the head.+ 
As to the visceral anatomy, it may be mentioned that the uniformly 
cylindrical crop leads, through the zonary proventriculus, to the 
stomach, which is much like that of Buceros,t but more muscular, and 
‘with the dense epithelial linmg much more firmly attached. The in- Page 61. 
testines are particularly capacious, being quite an inch in diameter; 
they are four feet in length, and have no colic ceca connected with 
them. The liver has a gall-bladder; and the left of the two lobes 
which go to form it is a little the smaller. In the syrimx there is a 
pair of intrinsic muscles to the first bronchial half-rmg. The tongue 
is almost as small as if is in the Pelicans. 
4 Myologically, of the five muscles in the thigh, which, in my estima- 
_— tion, are specially significant,§ the ambiens is absent, as are the 
: femoro-candal and the accessory femoro-caudal, the semitendinosus 
‘and the accessory semitendinosus being well represented. In this 
respect Bucorvus, therefore, differs from Buceros and Toecus, the 
femoro-caudal|| muscle being present in the two latter genera. As is 
most probably known to many, Bucorrws walks, placing one foot in 
front of the other, whilst Buceros always hops, with both feet 
together. 
* A second specimen, since received, entirely agrees with the above description. 
+ [On this subject Mr. W- Ottley’s paper, “A Description of the Vessels of the 
Neek and Head im the Ground-Hornbill ” (* Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 
1879, pp. 461-7), may be consulted. The author's investigation into the subject was 
undertaken at Garrod’s suggestion.— Ep_] 
} Vide “Transactions of the Zoological Society,” vol. I. Plate XVIII, p. 122. 
§ “Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 1873, p. 626, and 1874, p. 111. 
(Supra, p. 187 et seq.). 
| (Called, by a misprint, the aceessory femoro-candal im the original. The latter 
muscle is absent in al Anomalogonatous birds.—Eb.] 
