388 ON LOPHOTRAGUS MICHIANUS. 
found in the recently dead animal a deep smegma-secreting depres- 
sion, evidently homologous with the metatarsal glands in most Cer- 
vide. There were no tufts of hair round these; and I cannot recog- 
nize their situation in the prepared specimen of the skin. 
General Remarks. 
From what has been said above, it is evident that the Lophotragus 
michianus of Swinhoe is the same animal as the earlier-named Ela- 
phodus cephalophus of A. Milne-Edwards, and that it was because his 
specimen was a female in which the skull was wanting, at the same 
time that the figure given by M. Milne-Edwards is from a remarkably 
light-coloured and red skin, that Mr. Swinhoe was misled as to its 
affinities. It seems, however, that the Ningpo animal is of a greyer 
Page 757. 
tint than that from Moupin; for the description given by Mr. Michie*, 
namely that “it is a dark iron-grey or pepper-and-salt colour, like 
some Scotch terriers,” exactly applies to the Society’s example, whilst 
the Paris skins are all decidedly chocolate, although differing in tint 
among themselves. 
As to the affinities of Hlaphodus cephalophus, M. Milne-Edwardst 
has remarked that “it is intermediate between the Muntjacs and the 
ordinary Deer, in certain respects appearing even to unite these ani» 
mals to Hydropotes and Moschus.” 
That Moschus has any close affinities with Cervulus and its allies is 
extremely doubtful; and a comparison of the above description of 
the visceral anatomy of Hlaphodus with the facts brought forward in 
Prof. Flower’s important memoir on Moschus tends to confirm this 
view. | 
The internal anatomy of Hydropotes is not known; but the absence 
of any frontal tuft, the presence of an inflated auditory bulla, together 
with the non-ankylosis of the cuneiform bones with the naviculo-cuboid 
of the tarsus, are against its Cervuline affinities. . 
With Cervulus there is every reason to believe that Hlaphodus is 
most intimately related. The size of the animal, the conformation of 
the skull, the fusion of the cuneiform bones with the naviculo-cuboid, 
the non-development of the metatarsal tufts, and the presence of the 
frontal crest are all evidences in that direction, as is the similarity of 
the shape of the glans penis in the two genera. It appears to me 
that Oervulus, together with Elaphodus, form a sub-family of the 
Cervide, which might be termed the Cervuline and be defined as 
follows :— 
* «“ Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 1874, p. 453. 
+ Loe. cit. p. 353. 
