Page 377. 
446 ON LYCAON PICTUS AND NYCTEREUTES PROCYONIDES. 
In Canis aureus I have found the terminal twist wanting, the apex 
of the cecum turning down as in C. famelicus. 
In Canis cancrivorus and in Nyctereutes procyonides the cecum is 
nearly straight. 
Secondly, with reference to the brain, Prof. Flower has done 
much to condense and classify the facts to be arrived at from the 
study of the convolutions,* which latter, in my estimation, throw, 
much light upon the mutual affinities of the Fissiped Carnivora. 
It seems to me that the typical major convolutions of the Carni- 
yorous brain form three complete and uniformly broad gyri round the 
Sylvian fissure, which in the Mustelide and the Genets remains as 
such, notwithstanding that these two latter groups had otherwise 
diverged before the brain began to modify. From the Musteline 
animals (the Arctoid ancestral type) the Urside seem to have 
diverged, the superior or third cerebral convolution broadening and 
tending to divide, whilst the others persist unmodified. 
Those Viverride which are more modified than the genus Genetta, 
acquire a broadening of the lowest of first circum-Sylvian convolution, 
especially in its posterior limb, in which a perpendicular sulcus is 
formed ; and this peculiarity is more strongly marked in Hyena, as 
well as in Proteles. In the Felide the anterior as well as the posterior 
limb of this first circum-Sylvian gyrus broadens, and becomes per- 
pendicularly bisected to such an extent that if in them there were a 
longitudinal sulcus developed in the upper median portion of the 
gyrus, a complete secondary gyrus would appear. Such a gyrus, 
evidently thus originating, is found in the Canide, in which the extra 
convolution is therefore a reduplication of the first, dependent on the 
differentiation off of its outer moiety. 
On the assumption of the correctness of this hypothesis, the 
classification of the Fissiped Carnivora might be represented thus :— 
Urside. Mustelide. Hyenide. Viverride. Felide, Canide. 
@ e i 9 e 
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6 
Ancestral Type. 
By Prof. Flower,t after a most careful analysis of their cranial 
and other peculiarities, the Canide are placed between the Arctoidea 
* “ Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 1869, p. 482. 
+ “Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 1869, p. 4. 
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