ON THE TRACHEA OF THE GALLINZ. 477 
In Helictis, as also in Ictonyz zorilla, the superior gyrus ceases at 
the superior posterior angle of the hemisphere, as in Mustela. The 
anterior limb of the inferior gyrus is extremely narrow, especially 
near its upper end, where it becomes almost hidden by the correspond- 
ing part of the posterior limb of the same gyrus. A small sulcus 
tends to divide the transverse part of the middle gyrus from its pos- 
terior limb. 
Most peculiarly, in Helictis there is no crucial fissure, because the 
hippocampal gyrus appears wpon the superior aspect of the brain. This 
is the case in no other carnivorous animal with which I am ac- 
quainted, but occurs in Moschus, Cereus pudu, and other smaller 
Ruminantia. 
Fs 
81. ON THE CONFORMATION OF THE THORACIC 
EXTREMITY OF THE TRACHEA IN THE CLASS 
AVES. Part I. THE GALLINA.* 
Inspection of the windpipes of several species of allied birds makes it Page 354. 
evident that the bifurcation of that tube to form the bronchi is brought 
about in different ways in almost every case, by various alterations of 
greater or less degree in the proportionate development of the several 
rings and semirings entering into the composition of the organ. In 
the case of the non-oscinine Passeres, Johannes Miiller has proved the 
great importance of the study of the “lower larynx” or syrinx in the 
determination of the affinities of the species. In the present com- 
munication it is my desire to continue his line of investigation to 
other families of the class, laying more stress on the cartilaginous 
structures, and less on the muscles moving them. Opportunities are 
specially in favour of my studying the Galline at the present time; 
therefore this first fasciculus is an account of the bifurcating wind- 
pipe in those species of the Order which it has been my good fortune 
to examine. 
By C. J. Temminck, in his valuable “ Histoire Naturelle Générale 
des Pigeons et des Gallinacés”’,t several of the windpipes of the 
Galline are figured. These will be mentioned when the respective 
species are discussed. 
— a : ime ch a 
ee 
* “Proceedings of the Zoological Society,” 1879, pp. 354-80. Read, April 1, 
1879. 
+ Amsterdam, 2 yols., 1813 and 1815. 
