512 ON THE BRAIN 
83. ON THE BRAIN AND OTHER PARTS OF THE 
HIPPOPOTAMUS (4. AMPHIBIUS).* 
(Plates XXXII and XXXIII.) 
Page 11. THE male Hippopotamus from the Upper Nile, presented to the Society 
by the late Viceroy of Egypt on the 25th of May, 1850, died on the 
1lth of March, 1878, without any serious disease of any organ, but 
after having suffered for some years from ulcers on the legs, which 
were much more inflamed during the winter- than the summer- 
seasons; because then the comparative coldness of its tank did not 
allow of its remaining in the water for any length of time, and the 
cutaneous surface became dry as well as cracked. 
The animal was about thirty years old, and apparently aged. 
From the front of the nose to the base of the tail it measured 12 feet 
along the back, the tail being 22 inches long. 
In his monograph on the anatomy of Hippopotamus amphibius,t 
Professor Gratiolet has fully described and figured the brain of the 
new-born animal. Nevertheless there is a want of definiteness about 
the delineation of the convolutions, and a difference in the propor- 
tionate size of the cerebellum, which makes me feel justified in asking 
the Society to grant me opportunities for giving illustrations of the 
brain of the adult animal. The necessity for a second figure is in- 
creased by the peculiarities in an outline sketch of the brain of Hippo- 
potamus liberiensis given by Prof. Macalister in his account of that 
species. 
In a valuable monograph on the brain of the Ungulata,§ recently 
published, Dr. Julius Krueg has introduced views and adopted a 
nomenclature which every student of the nervous system cannot help 
finding of particular service in any special investigation like the pre- 
sent. By an extensive comparison of the convolutions of individuals 
at different ages, and of different species, Dr. Krueg has arrived at a 
standard of which are fundamental and which secondary sulci, that 
has enabled him to represent what is the typical arrangement of the 
surface of the hemispheres in the Ungulata generally. 
* “ Transactions of the Zoological Society,’ XI. pp. 11-17. Pls. III. and IV. 
Read, June 17, 1879. 
+ “Recherches sur l’anatomie de l’Hippopotame,” Paris, 1867. 
t “Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy,” vol. i. series 2, Session 1873-74, 
plate xxviii. 
§ “ Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie,” Leipzig, 1878, xxxi. pp. 297-344. 
ee 
