EXTERNAL FORM. 



XCV 



should, for the same reasons, be long with relation to the 

 part below the hock, and the muscles which cover it should 

 be well developed. The patella or stifle bone should be of 

 good size. The hock should be large, indicating an adequate 

 extent of surface in the bones which compose it. When seen 

 from the side it should appear to the eye broad, and the os 

 calcis, or great bone of the heel, should be long, to adapt it 

 to its function of a lever in extending the limb backwards. 

 To the cannon bone, the pastern, and the foot, the same re- 

 marks apply as to those of the fore-extremities. 



The aspect of horses must greatly vary with size, and the 

 conformation acquired either naturally or by artificial breed- 

 ing. Whatever be the race, those characters should be cul- 

 tivated in the individual which adapt them to the uses to 

 which they are especially destined, whether for the course, 

 the chase, the ordinary uses of the horseman, or the duties 

 of heavier labour. The following figures will exhibit the 

 contrast between animals destined for different uses, yet each 

 exhibiting the characters proper to its own condition. The 

 one is an outline of a race-horse, Charles XII., the other of 

 a dray-horse of the old English Black Breed : 



Fig. 8. 



