THE LONG -HORNED BREED. 371 



are to see to, passing faire and beautifull, and in part, if you 

 please, by the cattaille. For in their kine and oxen, which 

 have goodly heads and faire spread horns, and are in body well 

 proportionate withall, you shall find in maner no one point 

 wanting, that Mago, the Carthaginian doth require, as Colu- 

 mella specifieth out of him." And another and later writer 

 observes of the same country, " The soil, for the generality, 

 is not very fruitful ; yet it produces such numbers of cattle, 

 of such large proportion, and such goodly heads and horns, 

 as the kingdom of Spain doth scarce the like." From Lan- 

 cashire the same breed extended not only into Westmoreland 

 and Cumberland, but across the intervening moorlands into 

 Yorkshire, occupying the more elevated tracts which formed 

 the ancient county of Richmond. The district of Craven, in 

 an especial degree, became distinguished for its breed of 

 Long-horns ; so that bulls, we are informed, used to be sent 

 from it to other districts, even to Leicestershire and the mid- 

 land counties. The Craven Breed is still to be found in the 

 same district, now crossed by the improved variety of the 

 midland counties, but differing in no essential respect from 

 the native race of Lancashire. 



The ultimate improvement of this breed, however, took 

 place, not in Lancashire or Craven, but in the midland coun- 

 ties ; and we are informed that breeders there had been 

 early in the habit of procuring stock from Lancashire and 

 the adjoining districts, for the purpose of improving their 

 herds. Amongst the earlier breeders of this part of Eng- 

 land is mentioned Sir Thomas Gresley, in the county of Staf- 

 ford. He is said to have kept a fine stock of Long-horns, at 

 his seat, near Burton on the Trent. Little, however, is 

 known of the breeding experiments of Sir Thomas Gresley ; 

 but it is well established that another individual, Mr Web- 

 ster of Canley, near Coventry, in the county of Warwick, 

 had, sometime about the middle of last century, become one 

 of the most eminent breeders of Long-horns in that part of 

 England, His stock became known as the Canley Breed. 



