SPECIES AND VARIETIES. 677 



Turkish towns. They are termed Pariahs by Europeans, sup- 

 posed to be from misapprehension of the Hindoo word Paraeea 

 or strange, as if an Englishman, on asking a native what 

 dog this was, the answer should be Paraeea, it is a strange 

 dog : but this term must not be confounded with the Hindoo 

 term Paharee, which is applied to dogs or anything proper 

 to mountains, as the Wild Hounds of Nepaul. These Pa- 

 riah dogs are of all races, though, breeding together, they 

 acquire something like a community of characters. They 

 are, in truth, nothing else but the domesticated dogs of the 

 country suffered to live and multiply in the streets. Although 

 they have no individual masters, they will fawn upon the 

 stranger who looks kindly upon them, and attach themselves 

 to his service. An English gentleman, Colonel Smith in- 

 forms us, travelling in a palanquin, a pariah dog, fainting with 

 thirst and hunger, looked him wistfully in the face, as if im- 

 ploring succour. The dog strove to follow the palanquin ; but, 

 the bearers passing rapidly on, his strength failed him, and 

 he laid himself down to die. 



The Dog has the senses of hearing and smell acute in a 

 surpassing degree. He hears the distant footstep, and dis- 

 tinguishes the tread of his master and friend. But of his 

 senses, that of smell appears to be the most perfect. The mem- 

 brane which lines the nasal organ, and on which the olfac- 

 tory nerve is spread, is of surprising extent. If spread out it 

 would envelop a great part of the body of the animal, whereas, 

 in the human subject, it would not cover the head. Endowed 

 with this sense in a surpassing degree, the Dog can follow 

 the evanescent traces of his prey by the odour left on the 

 ground. He can distinguish the smell of different animals, 

 and pursue those which he is instructed to chase, and neglect 

 those which he is not permitted to follow. The older Stag- 

 hounds of England, which were employed to rouse the game 

 in woods, could distinguish, by the scent alone, the full- 

 grown hart from the fawns too young to be hunted, or from 

 the female when out of the season of the chase. A dog has 



