XII.] THEOLOGY AND EVOLUTION. 291 



nized as quite compatible with evolution, and even with the 

 special " nebular " and Darwinian forms of it. Prof. Huxley 

 well says, 44 " It is necessary to remark that there is a wider 

 teleology, which is not touched by the doctrine of evolution, 

 but is actually based upon the fundamental proposition of 

 evolution." ..." The teleological and the mechanical views 

 of Nature are not necessarily mutually exclusive; on the 

 contrary, the more purely a mechanist the speculator is, the 

 more firmly does he assume a primordial molecular arrange- 

 ment, of which all the phenomena of the universe are the 

 consequences ; and the more completely thereby is he at 

 the mercy of the teleologist, who can always defy him to dis- 

 prove that this primordial molecular arrangement was not 

 intended to evolve the phenomena of the universe." 46 



Prof. Owen says that natural evolution, through second- 

 ary causes, " by means of slow physical and organic opera- 

 tions through long ages, is not the less clearly recognizable 

 as the act of all adaptive mind, because we have abandoned 

 the old error of supposing it to be the result 4B of a primary, 

 direct, and sudden act of creational construction." ..." The 

 succession of species by continuously-operating law is not 

 necessarily a 'blind operation.' Such law however dis- 

 cerned in the properties and successions of natural objects, 

 intimates, nevertheless, a preconceived progress. Organ- 

 isms may be evolved in orderly succession, stage after stage, 

 toward a foreseen goal, and the broad features of the 

 course may still show the unmistakable impress of Divine 

 volition." 



44 See The Academy for October, 1869, No. 1, p. 13. 



45 Prof. Huxley goes on to say that the mechanist may, in turn, de- 

 mand of the teleologist how the latter knows it was so intended. To 

 this it may be replied he knows it as a necessary truth of reason deduced 

 from his own primary intuitions, which intuitions cannot be questioned 

 without absolute skepticism. 



46 The professor doubtless means the direct and immediate result. 

 (See Trans. Zool. Soc., vol. v., p. 90.) 



