3260 Chapter 27 



Table 27-22 gives board-foot volumes of hardwood trees as measured by the 

 International 'A-inch rule; form classes 65, 75, 85, and 90 were selected as those 

 most likely to be encountered among hardwoods growing on southern pine sites. 

 Merchantable height, applicable to these three tables, includes that portion of a 

 tree from stump height to a point on the stem at which merchantability for 

 sawtimber is limited by branches, deformity, or minimum diameter. For smooth 

 stems this minimum diameter is usually not less than 60 percent of tree diameter 

 breast high in the case of the smallest (10-inch) saw log trees, or 40 percent for 

 large trees 30 to 40 inches in diameter. If height measurements include small 

 tops of southern hardwoods, the tables will overscale. Tree volumes for other 

 form classes can be found in Mesavage and Girard (1956). 



Volume tables and predicting equations have also been developed for individ- 

 ual species growing in various parts of the country. The most pertinent ones are 

 listed below by species. 



Volume tables 



Species and equations International '/4-inch Scribner Other 



Table number 



Ash sp. (Table 27-23) 27-24 — — 



Hickory sp. (Table 27-23) — — — 



Maple, red (Table 27-23) 27-25 — — 



Oak, black 27-26 27-27 — 



Oak, chestnut (Table 27-23) 27-28 27-29 — 



Oak, red sp. (Table 27-23) 27-30 27-31 — 



Oak, scarlet (Table 27-23) 27-32 27-33 — 



Oak, white (Table 27-23) 27-34 27-35 — 



Sweetgum (Table 27-23) — 27-36 27-37 



Tupelo, black (Table 27-23) — — — 



Yellow-poplar (Table 27-23) 27-38, 27-39 27-40, 27-41 27-42, 27-43 



In addition. Beck and Della-Bianca (1970) give the following equation for 

 predicting board-foot volume (International 'A-inch scale) in yellow-poplar: 



V = 0.0148 (D2H) + 0.0203 (D^) - 0.5982(0)^ - (27-11) 



44.8597(D/H) + 1321.0515(1/H) - 32.6851 



where: 



V = volume in board feet (International l^-inch scale) 

 D = diameter at breast height (inches) 

 L = height (feet) 



A taper-based system for estimating stem volumes in upland oaks was devel- 

 oped from measurements of felled trees in the Central States (Hilt 1980). The 

 system uses diameter at breast height inside bark and total tree height to predict 

 board-foot or cubic-foot volumes to any desired top diameter; a computer pro- 

 gram is available. 



Other estimates of board-foot volumes include predicting equations for hard- 

 wood species and species groups in the Northeast (Scott 1 979) and tables for red 

 maple, white ash, yellow-poplar, and various oaks based on field measurements 

 in Pennsylvania (Bartoo and Hutnik 1962). 



