Measures and yields of products and residues 



3267 



Species and equations 



Oak, white 



Equation 16-6 (and species discussion 

 in section 16-1) 



Equation 27-14 



Table 27-23 

 Sweetgum 



Equation 16-4 and table 16-13 



Equation 27-22 



Equation 27-23 



Table 27-23 

 Yellow-poplar 



Equation 16-6 (and species discussion 

 in section 16-1) 



Table 16-30 



Equations 27-17 through 27-21 

 Table 27-23 



In addition, equation 16-2 relates dbh and height of the merchantable stem to 

 the volume of bark-free stemwood in second-growth northern hardwoods in 

 New York. 



Since most pine-site hardwoods are small, studies of the cubic volume in 

 small trees are of particular interest. Phillips and McClure (1976) found that 

 understory hardwoods 1 .0 to 4.9 inches in dbh averaged 1 .03 to 1 .40 cubic feet 

 in total above-ground volume and 67 to 88 percent of that was in the stem (table 

 16-7). The seven species sampled were in the North Carolina mountains and the 

 Georgia Piedmont. 



In a study of hardwoods planted in an Arkansas small stream bottom, average 

 stem volume outside bark at age 5 ranged from 0.2 cubic feet for the oaks to 0.7 

 cubic feet for sycamore {Platanus occidentalis L.). Intermediate values were 0.3 

 cubic feet for green ash and 0.4 cubic feet for sweetgum and yellow-poplar. 

 Average dbh ranged from 1.7 to 3.1 inches (Krinard et al. 1979). 



Cubic feet per acre. — For mixed hardwoods growing on a variety of sites, 

 table 27-44 estimates cubic-foot volumes per acre for total above-ground bio- 

 mass, for merchantable stems, for small trees, and for residues. Table 16-1 gives 

 yields per acre for hardwood trees 1 .0 inch dbh and larger on 4,014,566 acres of 

 commercial forest land in the mountain region of North Carolina. 



In upland oak forests, stand volume per acre and merchantable volume per 

 acre are a function of both site index and stand age, as illustrated in figures 27-5 

 and 27-6. Yields for the entire stems and for the merchantable stems are listed in 

 table 27-45. 



In natural stands of yellow-poplar, total and merchantable cubic-foot yields 

 increase with increasing age, site idex, and density level (fig. 27-7). The greater 

 the number of trees, the larger the yield at all ages and all levels of site index 

 (Beck and Della-Bianca 1970). Yields are presented in table 27-67 (total wood 

 and bark from trees 4.5 inches in dbh and larger) and in tables 27-68 and 27-47 

 (wood only in merchantable stems). 



Yields for ash and hickory stands are in tables 27-48 and 27-69. 



