♦> A Manual of Veterinary Physiology. 



II — Non-nitrogenous Bodies. 

 I.— Alcohols. 



1. Ethylic alcohol (muscle), cbolesterine (bile and nervous 

 tissues), glycerine (intestines;, phenol (feces and urine). 



II. Fats. 



1. Tristearin, tripalmitin, triolein : soaps of these acids formed 

 with potash and soda. 



III. — Carbo-hydrates. 



1. Glucoses — Dextrose, levulose, mannitose, galactose, inosite. 



2. Sucroses — Sucrose (cane-sugar), lactose (milk-sugar), maltose. 



3. Amyloses — Starch, glycogen, dextrin, inulin, gums, and 



cellulose. 



IV.— Non-nitrogenous Acids. 



1. Acetic Acid Series — Formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, 



caproic, palmitic, margaric, and stearic acids. 

 •J. Glycollic Acid Series — Carbonic, glycollic, and lactic acids. 



3. Oxalic Acid Series— Oxalic, succinic, and sebacic acids. 



4. Aromatic Acid Series Benzoic acid and phenol. 



Proteids.* — This term has been applied to several sub- 

 stances more or less closely allied, which in one form or 

 other go to make up by far the largest portion of the animal 

 body. The proteids possess no definite chemical formula ; 

 they are highly complex substances, and have never, with 

 some exceptions, been obtained in a crystalline condition ; 

 they are colloids — that is, they do not diffuse through an 

 animal membrane — and they are substances which are not 

 only indispensable to the body, but nothing else can even 

 temporarily replace them. 



The true type of proteid is the albumin found in blood, 

 milk, eggs, etc., and these are true proteids, albuminous 

 bodies, or albumins. Substances termed albuminoid, 

 albuminate, albumose, albumid, proteose, etc , are not true 

 albumins or proteids but only derivative bodies, in many 

 respects closely allied to albumins, but possessing certain re- 

 actions which clearly distinguish them from true proteids. 



* I am indebted to Halliburton's ' Physiological Chemistry, ' 

 M'Kendrick's and Landois and Stirling's "Text-books of Physiology,' 

 for this account of the chemistry of the body. 



