350 VEGETABLE DRUGS 



to 1)0 that form most favorably influenced by opium, as peri- 

 tonitis, enteritis ix))d meningitis, for which purpose the drug 

 is frequently combined with calomel. But opium is also an 

 extremely useful antiphlogistic remedy in coryza, bronchitis, 

 pneumonia and pleurisy, and in inflammations of the mucous 

 coat of the digestive canal, as gastritis and dysentery. A 

 single full dose should be given at the earliest possible 

 stage of these disorders, and the patient should be kept as 

 quiet as possible to secure the best result. 



5. Opium stimulates and supports tlie system in a 

 manner not explicable on physiological grounds. It often 

 conserves life in a remarkable way in patients weakened by 

 long continued disease, and in those suffering from loss of 

 blood following surgical operation, parturition, or other 

 natural causes. 



Contra-indications. — In respiratory diseases associated 

 with cyanosis or excessive exudation, in cerebritis, in very 

 high fever and obstinate constipation. The drug must be used 

 with caution in the treatment of the aged and very young. 



ApoMORPHiNiE Hydrochloras. Apo morphine Hydrochlorate. 

 C,,H,,N 0,H CI. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Derivation. — The hydrochlorate of an artificial alkaloid, 

 obtained by heating morphine (or codeine) in hermetically 

 closed tubes, with an excess of pure hydrochloric acid. The 

 morphine thus loses one molecule of water ; Cj^HigN O3 = 

 C,,H,,N O, + H,0. 



Proijerties. — Minute, grayish - white, shining, acicnlar 

 crystals, without odor, having a faintly bitter taste, and 

 acquiring a greenish tint upon exposure to light and air. 

 Soluble in about 45 parts of water, and about 45 parts of 

 alcohol ; very little soluble in ether or chloroform. It should 

 be kept in small, dark, amber-colored vials. (U, S. P.) 



Dose. — Emetic. — D., gr.^-^ig^ (.002-.006), subcutaneously ; 

 ,D.,by the mouth, rr^^ (.008-.012); D., expectorant, gr.^-^ 

 (.0015-.0024), by the mouth. 



