366 VEGETABLE DRUGS 



Hyoscyamus. Hyoscyamiis. (IT. S. P.) 



Synonym. — Hyoscyami folia, B. P.; henbane, herba 

 hyoscyami, E. ; feuilles de jusquiame noire, Fr. ; bilsen- 

 krant, G. 



The leaves and flowering tops of Hyoscyamus niger 

 Linne (nat. ord. solanaceae), collected from plants of the 

 second year's growth. 



Habitat. — Indigenous to England, the Continent, and 

 Asia, and naturalized in the northern part of the United 

 States. 



Description. — Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, up to 25 

 cm. long and 10 cm. broad ; sinuate-toothed ; the teeth large, 

 oblong or triangular, grayish-green, and, particularly on the 

 lower surface, glandular-hairy ; midrib prominent; flowers 

 nearly sessile, with an urn-shaped, five- toothed calyx, and a 

 light yellow, purple-veined corolla; odor heavy, narcotic; 

 taste bitter and somewhat acrid. 



Ccmstituents. — Two alkaloids : hyoscyamine C17H23N O3, 

 and hyoscine. The first resembles atropine in composition 

 and action. Impure, amorphous, commercial hyoscyamine 

 is a dark-brown fluid and contains as its active principle 

 mainly hyoscine. 



Incompatibility. — Incompatible with caustic alkalies and 

 vegetable acids, lead acetate and silver nitrate. Hyoscyamus 

 may be given in pill with the two latter mineral salts. 



Dose.—H. & C, 5ss.-i. (15.-30.); D., gr.v.-xv. (.3-1.). 



PREPARATIONS. 



Extractum Hyoscyami. Extract of Hyoscyamus. 

 (U. S. & B. P.) 

 Made by maceration and percolation with diluted alcohol, and 

 evaporation to pilular consistency. 



Dose.—R. & C, gr.xx.- 3 i. (1.3-4.) ; D., gr.ss.-ii. (.03-.12). 



Extractum Hyoscyami Fluidum. Fluid Extract of Hyoscyamus. 



(U. S. P.) 

 Made by maceration, percolation with alcohol and water, and 

 evaporation, so that 1 Cc. = 1 Gm. of hyoscyamus. 



Dose.—R. & C, |8s. i. (15.-30 ); D., nv.-xv. (.3-1.). 



