626 AGENTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN 



although the substance is said to merely dissolve diseased 

 tissues without caustic effect. Papain may be given to dogs, 

 foals, or calves in doses of gr.ii.-x. (.12-.6). Its exact thera- 

 peutic value has yet to be determined. 



Oleum Morrhu^. Cod Liver Oil. (U. S. & B. P.) 



Synonym. — Oleum jecoris ascelli, P.G.; oleum hepatis 

 morrhuse, cod oil, E.; huile de morue, huile de foie de mo rue, 

 Fr.; leberthran, stockfischleberthran, G. 



A fixed oil obtained from fresh livers of Gadus Morr- 

 hu8B Linne and other species of Gadus (class Pisces ; order 

 Teleostei ; family Gadidae). 



Habitat. — North Atlantic Ocean. 



Properties. — A pale-yellow, thin, oily liquid, having a 

 peculiar, slightly fishy, but not rancid odor, and a bland, 

 slightly fishy taste.. Spec. gr. 0.920 0.925. Scarcely soluble 

 in alcohol, but readily soluble in ether, chloroform or carbon 

 disulphide ; also in 2.5 parts of acetic ether. Brown oils are 

 not desirable therapeutically. 



Constituents. — 1, glycerin oleate, 70 per cent.; 2, palmitin 

 and stearin, 25 per cent.; 3, oleic, margaric, palmitic, stearic, 

 butyric and acetic acids, in small quantities ; 4, biliary 

 matter, as cholic, fellinic and bilifellinic acids; 5, gaduin 

 (CssH^gOg); 6, morrhuol, a crystalline substance containing 

 iodine, phosphorus and bromine ; 7, traces of iron, lime, and 

 magnesia ; 8, decomposition products or cadaveric alkaloids, 

 in brown oils. 



Dose.—B., & C, 5 ii.-iv. (60.-120.) ; Sh. & Sw., ^ ss.-i. 

 (15.-30); D. & C, 3 i.-iii. (4.-12.). 



Action Internal. — Cod liver oil resembles other oils in 

 aiding nutrition, the accumulation of fat, and the mainten- 

 ance of bodily heat, but surpasses them in three particulars : 

 1, cod liver oil is more easily absorbed ; this has been 

 proven comparatively by injecting various oils into separate 

 ligated portions of the living animal bowel; 2, cod liver oil 

 is more readily oxidized after absorption ; this is shown by 



