628 AGENTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN 



remedies in tardy convalescence from caniue distemper; 

 from influenza, bronchitis, pneumonia and strangles in horses; 

 also in " heaves," emphysema, or broken wind in horses. 

 Carron oil is cheaper and very efficient in the latter disorder, 

 given on the food. 



Cod liver oil is valuable in the treatment of chronic bron- 

 chitis, chronic eczema, and chorea of dogs ; and in rickets, 

 anaemia, weakness, and emaciation in all young animals. It 

 often proves curative in various forms of muscular and 

 chronic articular rheumatism, and facilitates the absorption 

 of chronically enlarged glands. The use of cod liver oil is 

 contra-indicated in hot weather, and in animals suffering 

 from indigestion or acute diarrhoea. It is often beneficial, 

 however, in chronic diarrhoea. 



Linseed oil, oil cake, and cottonseed meal may often be 

 conveniently and properly substituted for cod liver oil, in 

 the case of the larger patients ; while morrhuol (gr.iii. = 1 

 teaspoonful cod liver oil?) given in pills, or lipanin (oleic 

 acid, 6 ; olive oil, 100) may be exhibited in drachm doses to 

 dogs when cod liver oil does not agree. 



IcTHYOLUM. Icthyol. (Non-official.) 



Syncmym. — Ammonium icthyol sulphonate. 



Derivation. — A bituminous quartz occurring in the Tyrol 

 Mountains, containing the fossil remains of fish, is distilled 

 with strong sulphuric acid, and sulphurous acids are removed 

 from the distillate by sodium chloride, while sulphonic acid 

 separates out. The latter is usually saturated with ammonia, 

 forming icthyol ; but similar preparations are made by the 

 combination of sulphonic acid with sodium, lithium and 

 zinc. 



Properties. — A thick, dark, reddish-brown liquid, of a 

 tarry consistency, and possessing a peculiar, disagreeable 

 odor, and hot, bituminous taste. It is soluble in water, 

 glycerin, alcohol, benzol, fats and fixed oils. 



Constituents. — Icthyol contains abotit 10 per cent, of 



