188 VETERINARY STUDIES 



the temperature drops to normal, or below, stimulants should 

 be used freely for a short time and be followed by iron and 

 stryehnin until convalescence is established. 



When the first ease appears in a herd, all other animals 

 that have been similarly exposed to tick infestation should be 

 removed from further danger of such exposure, and thoroughly 

 greased. Any cheap, nonirritating oil will do, but if it be one 

 fourth kerosene, it will be more effective. AVhen a dipping vat 

 is available, dipping in the arsenical solution, now used in tick 

 eradication, is preferable to local treatment by oil. In this way 

 an outbreak can usually be cut short, and the losses reduced 

 very considerably. 



Prevention. — Immunity to tick fever in mature animals, so 

 far as we now know, can only be secured' through an attack of 

 the disease. Cattle raised on tick-infested pastures have been 

 rendered immune by mild attacks of the disease while they were 

 young and before they became fully susceptible. If it is true 

 that immunity can only be secured through an attack of the 

 disease, it follows that the only preventive is the exclusion 

 or eradication of the tick. 



The ticks on any pasture or farm may be easily and quickly 

 eradicated, and the farm maintained free from them. Hence, 

 it is possible, if not yet practicable, to exterminate these para- 

 sites over the entire South and maintain the country tick-free. 



Methods by AVhich Ticks May be Eradicated 



1. Keep all cattle, mules, and horses out of the tick-infested 

 pasture, lanes, and lots for one season, or, at least, after Sep- 

 ber 1, and the ticks will be exterminated by May of the next 

 spring. Or, 



2. Divide the pasture by a fenee^ with* a rail or board tight 

 on the ground or make a double fence — two fences 10 to 20 feet 

 apart, — and keep all cattle, mules, and horses out of one half, 

 this year after September 1 ; and out of the other half next year, 

 and the work of eradicating the ticks will have been accom- 

 plished. Or, 



3. Dip all cattle in the standard arsenical solution once every 

 14 days from early spring until late fail. If this is done regu- 

 larly and thoroughly the ticks will certainly be eradicated 

 in one season. 



