248 VETERINARY STUDIES 



natural position by the examiner. A sound horse will not do 

 this unless trained to do so. 



Roaring, ivhistling, heaves. — These disorders of the respira- 

 tory organs have been previously described as serious and 

 chronic and should not be overlooked. 



Heart disease. — This trouble is indicated by violent or irregu- 

 lar heart action, inability to stand exertion, etc. 



Ruptured perineum. — Ruptured perineum is a tear between 

 the rectum and vagina in a mare at the time of foaling and is 

 very objectionable. Some cases are curable by an expert surgi- 

 cal operation. 



