91 



made into powder in England and Guernsey, then as high as 

 14,000 tons, worth, at 221 per ton, 308,0002. The gradually 

 increasing imports of foreign-grown replaces much formerly 

 produced at home, but the changes in legislative enactments 

 have much interfered with the consumption of chicory here, 

 and hence the import is not so remunerative. From 1856 to 

 1859 the imports of foreign chicory in the root rose from 

 81,721 cwts. to 267,000 cwts., but there has since been a 

 gradual decline to 45,563 cwts. in 1862. The value has 

 ranged from 6s. to 10s. 6d. per cwt. 



The largest quantity comes from Belgium, the next from 

 Holland, and a little from Hamburg and other quarters. 

 There are also some considerable imports of roasted and 

 ground chicory, which is chiefly re-exported ; 76,206 Ibs. of 

 chicory-powder were imported in 1862. 



Uoasted and reduced to powder chicory is the most 

 universal substitute for coffee in the chief . continental 

 countries, especially in France, Switzerland, Germany, 

 Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Russia, and other Northern 

 States, In Germany, the ground chicory is made up into 

 cakes, and sold in that form. Denmark and the Duchies 

 consume about 3,000,000 Ibs. annually. A few years ago 

 the annual import of chicory-root into Hamburg was 

 24,600 cwts., and of ground chicory and other coffee substi- 

 tutes 13,000 cwts. 



Belgium exports 6,000,000 or 7,000,000 Ibs. yearly. The 

 quantity of the dried root consumed in France is about 

 16,000,000 Ibs. a year. Formerly they were able to export 

 1,000,000 or 2,000,000 Ibs., but now enough is not pro- 

 duced for home consumption. In 1860, about 10,000,000 Ibs. 

 of chicory-root was imported into France, chiefly from Bel- 

 gium, and about 660,000 Ibs. of chicory in powder was ex- 

 ported, chiefly to Algeria. Till within a few years the cul- 

 tivation was carried on principally near Valenciennes, but 



