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the plants will run to seed, in which case they are called 

 " runners" or " trumpeters," and must be carefully dug out 

 and destroyed when the time for taking up has arrived, be- 

 cause if allowed to become mixed with the bulk, they will 

 spoil the sample. The best crops have been obtained when 

 the seed has been sown broadcast ; but the preference is 

 usually given to drilling, the crop being more easily hoed and 

 cleansed. The rows are generally from 9 to 12 inches apart, 

 and about 3 or 4 Ibs. of seed per acre is the quantity used. 



Most of the cultivators of chicory single out the plants so 

 as to leave spaces between them in the rows, each about G or 

 8 inches long ; but there are many .who do not do this, fancy- 

 ing that four or five small plants produce more weight of root 

 than one large plant ; the expediency of this, however, is very 

 questionable, as it does not allow of the land being nearly so 

 well cleaned as when the practice of singling is adopted. 



In October or November, the work of taking up the roots 

 may be commenced, and continued during the winter (if the 

 crop cannot be previously secured), until it is finished. 

 Although the roots penetrate a long way downwards, they 

 become too thin below 14 or 15 inches to be useful, and the 

 utmost care is also required in order to get up that portion 

 of the root which will prove profitable. 



In some cases chicory has been ploughed up, about 

 12 inches deep, with a strong cast-iron plough drawn by six 

 horses, having men to fork each furrow to pieces with 

 common potato-forks before a second furrow is ploughed 

 upon it, and women and children following to pick up the 

 roots and cut off the tops. 



But the best method is found to be that of digging up the 

 roots with double-pronged strongly-made iron forks, the 

 blades being about 14 inches in length, and each fork, with 

 shaft and handle complete, weighing about 8 Ibs. 



The plan of ploughing is liable to bring too much of the 



