CATTLE AND FODDER. 1 93 



wherever there is spare land of moderate depth 

 and goodness. 



Chinese sugar-cane, which was introduced from 

 Sydney in the early part of 1870, had established 

 itself as one of the regular cold-weather crops. 



" Cumbo ' is a plant chiefly serviceable for 

 supplying good fodder during the hot months of 

 May, June, and July. Horse grain and " paddy" 

 are also grown for the estate live stock. 



It must not be forgotten that, according to 

 a principle well understood among British farmers, 

 since the value of bullock-dung as a manure 

 depends on the quality of the food given to the 

 cattle, and the latter is in India usually of poor 

 character, consisting as it does merely of chopped 

 straw, it follows that the value of the muck-heap 

 manure is very much less than that of the same 

 weight of farmyard muck in Europe. The chief 

 exception to the rule is in cotton-growing tracts 

 where much cotton seed is utilised as cattle food, 

 and cotton seed is one of the most valuable 

 manure producers which exists. 



All estate herds, then, should be well fed not 

 only with nutritious green crops, but with good 

 oil cake, grain, &c. Fat cattle on an estate speak 

 well for its future crops. 



