356 THE PLANT PHYLA 



and small mostly persistent leaves; 

 sporophylls mostly in cones. 



Order CONIFERALES. Microsporophylls and megasporo- 

 phylls in cones. 



Family 1. Taxodiaceae. Taxodiums. Microsporo- 

 phyll with 2 to 8 sporangia; mega- 

 sporophyll woody, with 2 to several 

 erect or inverted seeds; "seed-scale" 

 wanting. Taxodium, Sequoia. 



Family 2. Araucariaceae. Old Pines. Microsporo- 

 phyll with 5 to 15 sporangia; mega- 

 sporophyll woody, with 1 inverted 

 seed; "seed-scale" rudimentary. 

 Araucaria. 



Family 3. Abietaceae. Modern Pines. Microsporo- 

 phyll with 2 sporangia; megasporo- 

 phyll woody, with 2 inverted seeds; 

 "seed-scale" prominent. Pinus, 

 Larix, Picea, Abies. 



Family 4. Cupressaceae. Cypresses. Microsporo- 

 phyll with 4 to 8 sporangia; mega- 

 sporophyll woody, with 1 to many 

 seeds; no "seed-scale." Cupressus, 

 Chamaecyparis. 



Family 5. Thuyopsidaceae. Thuyas. Microsporo- 

 phyll with 3 to 5 sporangia; mega- 

 sporophyll woody, with 1 to many 

 seeds. Thuya, Libocedrus. 



Family 6. Juniperaceae. Junipers. Microsporo- 

 phyll with 4 to 8 sporangia; mega- 

 sporophyll fleshy, with 1 to 2 seeds. 

 Juniperus. 



Order TAXALES. Microsporophylls in cones, megasporo- 

 phylls in very small cones or solitary. 



Family 7. Podocarpaceae. Microsporophyll with 

 2 sporangia; megasporophylls in very 

 small cones or solitary; seed 1, in- 

 verted. Podocarpus. 



Family 8. Phyllocladaceae. Microsporophyll with 

 2 sporangia; megasporophylls soli, 

 tary; seed 1, erect. Phyllocladus. 



