174 THE COLOURS OF ANIMALS 



the butterflies and moths, out of the eighty-eight spiny 

 and hairy species tabulated only one is green (L. 

 syUlla), and even this may not be protectively coloured, 

 since it has yellow warts and white lateral lines. On 

 the other hand, a very great majority of the "alack and 

 brown caterpillars, as well as those more or less 

 marked with blue and red, are either hairy or spiny, 

 or have some special protection.' ) 



Sir John Lubbock, however, fully recognises that 

 hairs may contribute towards tb Protective Eesem- 

 blance of certain species, examples of which have 

 been already given (see page 35). Professor Meldola 

 suggests that a probable original meaning of the hairy 

 covering was protection from injury after falling from 

 the food-plant. 



Warning Colours in other stages of metamorphosis in 

 Lepidoptera 



Lepidoptera of many species are protected by 

 Warning Colours and unpleasant attributes, in other 

 stages in addition to that of the larva ; and the same 

 method of defence is also adopted in other orders of 

 insects. The chrysalis of the Magpie Moth, which is 

 black with yellow bands, and exposed to view in a very 

 slight cocoon, is nauseous like the larva, and the slow- 

 flying moth itself, with white wings rendered conspicu- 

 ous by yellow markings and black spots, is defended in 

 the same manner. When captured it makes no attempt 



