46 Insect Pests. 



in by means of bee bellows have also produced good results, but no- 

 plan is as successful as the cyanide treatment and stopping up the 

 holes with clay. 



A correspondent writes that he has saved some valuable trees by 

 injecting about 2 c.c. of carbon bisulphide into the tunnel and 

 closing the hole with wet clay. This almost invariably killed the 

 caterpillars. 



All dead trees should be burnt at once when possible before the 

 caterpillars escape. 



Xatuiial Enemies. 

 Bats, Goat-suckers, and Owls eat the moths. The Green and 

 the Large Spotted Woodpeckers devour the caterpillars and pup?e. 

 The Tits or Paridse devour the eggs, according to Taschenberg (1). 

 Probably the Tiee Creeper, Wryneck, and Nuthatch do tbe same. 

 The pupie are sometimes infested with Ichneumon fly larvte. 



Eefekenxks. 



(1) Theobald. F. V. The Animal Pests of Forest Trees, pp. 6-9. Journal 



S. E. Agi-i. Coll., No. 13. p. 159 (1904). 



(2) Tatidienberg, E. L. • Praktische Insekten-kunde.' Dritter Theil. p. 24 



(1880). 



(3) Theobald. F. T'. Second Pveport on Economic Zoology (Brit. Mus. N.H.). 



pp. 77-84 (1904). 



(4) Whitehead, Sir C. ' Insects Injm-ious to Fruit Crops.' p. 40 (1886). 



(5) Ormerod, E. A. • Handbook of Insects Injurious to Orchard and Bush 



Fruits,' p. 18 (1898). 



THE WOOD LEOPARD MOTH. 



{Zri'zcra jit/rim'. Linn.) 



This large moth has long been known as a borer into the trunks 

 of various trees in this country and all over Europe. It is generally 

 supposed to be partial to the chestnut, hence its old name, crsculi. 

 Ivollar (1) says in reference to this as follows: "Choosing that tree 

 (chestnut) for its abode less frequently in the neighbourhood of 

 Vienna than any of the other trees that serve it for food, living 

 chiefly in elms, walnut, pear and apple trees." It is certainly often 

 found in the chestnut in our country, but is not noticed to the same 

 extent that it is in fruit plantations. Like many noxious insects 

 it has spread aljroad, and we learn of its occurrence in the LTnited 

 States, attacking and destroying elms and maples (2). 



Its chief damage is to the small branches of tlie cherry, but it 



