Insects Injurious to the Apple. 79 



Eeports of damage caused by these larvtc to fniit trees have been 

 received from the Duke of Northumberiand's, Alnwick ; from nurseries 

 in Worcestershire, Cornwall and Somerset ; and from orchards in Kent, 

 Surrey, Cambridgeshire, Sussex, Eadnorshire and Devon. 



No less than twelve species are to be found constantly at work on 

 fruit, and many more occur now and again. The following are the 

 most important ones on apple. 



The Common Toi;tkix {Tortrix ribcana. Hb.). 



The front wings are pale yellowish-brown, with dark brown 

 markings, one at the base of the wing, a central fascia which is 

 broader in the centre, its inner edge straight, also a small central 

 spot ; hind wings slaty-grey ; wing expanse f inch to a little more. 



The moth appears towards the end of June and in July. The 



caterpillar is dark olive-green with dark brown head and black spots ; 

 the sides yellowish-green, spots pale around their edges; slightly 

 hairy. They are to be found from May to June on a great variety of 

 trees and shrubs, especially apples and plums. When mature they 

 spin up amongst the leaves and change to reddish-brown pupre, in 

 which state they remain for two or three weeks. 



Allied Toetrix {Tortri.r hqjamna. Schiff.). 



Front wings pale dull reddish-brown and the markings dark red 

 brown, including a basal patch, a central area broadest in the middle, 

 with its inner edge rather angulated ; hind wings slaty-grey with a 

 yellowish fringe. Length | to nearly 1 inch. Appears on the 

 wing in June and July. The larva is bright green, with darker 



