Insects Injurious to the Raspberry. 



423 



several beetles seemingly attack one blossom, for I have frequently 

 found three larva? in a single I'ruitlet. The larva- burrow into the 

 receptacle first of all, and as they grow they may attack the de- 

 veloping frnitlets that go to form the berry and so cause deformed 

 raspberries. Sometimes one side of the berry is damaged antl 

 aborted, at others the entire fruit is stopped from developing. When 

 the fruit is ripening and they attack it, and they have tunnelled the 

 receptacle, the whole fruit shrivels up and falls. The larva is dull 

 and yellowish, now and again almost white, or grey, with brown 

 markings in the middle of all the segments ; the head is brown and 

 flattened and the jaws comparatively strong ; on the iirst three seg- 

 ments are three pairs of jointed legs, and on the anal segment is a 

 more or less pronounced rudimentary leg and two pointed curved 

 spines ; the rudimen- 

 tary proleg is in the 

 form of a cylindrical 

 process on the under- 

 side. When full grown 

 they reach I inch. On 

 reaching maturity 

 they leave the fruit 

 and crawl about for a 

 little while previous 

 to pupating. They 

 mainly live in tunnels 

 in the receptacle, and 

 feed upon the fruit 

 from the inside where 

 it comes in contact 



with the receptacle. It is not at all unusual to see them crawl from 

 one fruit to another, and enter the sound fruit at its base and then 

 the receptacle, into which they at once burrow. Fruit attacked first 

 by the maggots has the hole of the tunnel small at the top and large 

 below ; when mature maggots enter the fruit, tliey seem to crawl up 

 between the receptacle and the fruit, and enter l)y a large hole which 

 they form at the summit of the receptacle. The larva' pupate in 

 three places, namely, in the soil around the stocks, in crevices in the 

 stakes, and under the rough rind on the canes. The pupit? remain all 

 the winter and give rise to the beetles in the following spring in time 

 to attack the blossoms. 



Invasion of a plantation may also come in another way, namely, 

 from the progeny derived from those tliat feed on the wikl blackberries. 



279. — THE liASI'BER 



If. |-. Theobald. 



BEETLE (Biifi-d-Kf! toiiientosus). 

 B, larva (a) entering receptacle 



larva (greatly enlarged) 



0, damaged fruit, hide {b) caused by 



