Insects Injur ioiis to the Raspberry. 441 



late into the year and I feel sure there is an active migration to 

 other plants, probably to the broom in the latter part of the summer. 



In the autumn we find them again on the raspberries, and males 

 and oviparous females are then produced. 



The oviparous female is wingless and oval, green, and with long 

 antennte and legs. Now and again reddish specimens may be found, 

 these are few in number. They may be found as late as November 

 on the raspberries. The male is winged, green, with a black head 

 and the thoi'ax with black lobes ; the abdomen very small, legs very 

 long and wings very large. They may be found on the plants with 

 the wingless females right into November. 



The eggs are laid on and under the rind of canes and on brambles, 

 and are shiny black and of typical aphis form. 



It is a widely distributed insect, and undoubtedly invades the 

 raspberry from the bramble (Euhus fruticosus). 



The Allied Raspberry Aphis. 



{Siphonophora chclidonii. Kalt.) 



Buckton (1) records this species also on the raspberry, feeding 

 sparsely under the leaves from the month of May to October. I 

 have failed so far to find it in Kent, but have noticed it once in 

 Surrey. 



The apterous female is much like the preceding, but of a duller 

 and browner green, and the legs and antennae are not so long. 

 The winged viviparous female is bright green, with the thoracic lobes 

 and scutellum olive; antenna? brown, the third segment tuberculate ; 

 cornicles long, thin, and brown ; legs yellowish-green, with the apices 

 of the femora and the tarsi deep brown. Length of body a little 

 more than j^^ inch. 



Teeatment. 



Whenever these aphides occur in numbers they can soon be 

 cleared off by washing with quassia and soft soap. All prunings 

 should be burned in winter and thus many eggs are destroyed. 



References. 



(1) BucMon, G. B. ' Monograph of British Aphides,' vol. I., p. 141 (1886). 



(2) Theobald, F. V. Journal South Eastern Agricultural College, No. 13, 



p. 147 (1904). 



