188 SCIENCE AND MORALS m 



if anything, more firmly tlian I did when I gave 

 utterance to it a score of years ago, for it has 

 been justified by subsequent events. But what 

 that opinion has to do with Materialism I fail to 

 discover. In my judgment, it is consistent Avith 

 the most thorough-going Idealism, and the 

 grounds of that judgment are really very plain 

 and simple. 



The growth of science, not merely of physical 

 science, but of all science, means the demonstration 

 of order and natural causation among phenomena 

 which had not previously been brought under those 

 conceptions. Nobody who is acquainted with the 

 progress of scientific thinking in every department 

 of human knowledge, in the course of the last two 

 centuries, will be disposed to deny that immense 

 provinces have been added to the realm of science ; 

 or to doubt that the next two centuries will be 

 witnesses of a vastly greater annexation. More 

 particularly in the region of the physiology of the 

 nervous sj^stem is it justifiable to conclude from 

 the progress that has been made in analysing the 

 relations between material and psj^hical pheno- 

 mena, that vast further advances will be made ; 

 and that, sooner or later, all the so-called spon- 

 taneous operations of the mind will have, not only 

 their relations to one another, but their relations 

 to physical phenomena, connected in natural series 

 of causes and effects, strictly defined. In other 

 words, while, at present, we know only the nearer 



