108 



BEITISH MOTHS. 



have been destroyed on a single planta- 

 tion in one night, and as each female is 

 calculated to lay 200 eggs, the destruction of 

 caterpillars for the following season is very 

 great. The daub must be renewed every few 

 days, and the trees should be well shaken 

 when the daub is applied, to dislodge as far as 

 possible any female moths that are in them. 

 The composition loses its stickiness in frosty 

 weather, but the moths do not then come from 

 their hiding-places under the dead leaves and 

 in the cracks of the ground and bark. 



Where winter moths exist, the pruning 

 of fruit trees should not be done till after 

 Christmas, that a portion of the eggs may be 

 carried away with the prunings, none of 

 which should be dug in or allowed to remain 

 on the ground, as the egg would hatch in the 

 spring, and the young caterpillar ascend the 

 nearest tree or shrub. 



238. The Northern Winter Moth (Chimatolia 

 boreata). 



238. THE NORTHERN WINTER MOTH. The 

 antennae are nearly simple in both sexes ; the 

 wings of the male fully developed ; the fore 

 wings are semi-transparent grayish brown, with 

 an ochreous tint, and having several, generally 

 seven, narrow transverse lines, three of which, 

 near the base, are oblique and approximate ; 

 the others form two waved pairs ; hind wings 

 very pale brown, without markings, and 

 almost transparent; female with very small 

 undeveloped wings ; quite incapable of flight ; 

 the fore wings pale brown with a darker bar 

 in the middle. 



The CATERPILLAR is very similar to that of 

 the winter moth, but more transparent, and 

 the stripes more indistinct, but it chiefly 

 differs from that veiy common species in 

 having a brown head, that of the winter moth 



being pale green and semi-transparent: it 

 feeds on birch. 



The MOTH appears in October, and is not 

 uncommon in the English counties, but has 

 not been recorded for Scotland or Ireland. 

 (The scientific name is Chimatobia boreata.} 



239. The November Moth (Oporabia dilulata}. 



239. THE NOVEMBER MOTH. Antenna? al- 

 most simple, and the wings ample in both sexes ; 

 fore wings pale smoky gray, with several 

 transverse waved lines of a darker hue, some- 

 what smoke-coloured; but both the ground 

 colour and the lines or bars are too subject to 

 variation in tint to admit of any precise 

 description ; hind wings, paler and with 

 several slender zigzag lines parallel with the 

 hind margin. 



The second figure represents a pale variety 

 of this very common moth. It ought to be 

 added that entomologists have given names 

 to several of the varieties of this moth ; venti- 

 lata of Fabricius, impluviata, affinitata, and 

 carpinata of Borkhausen, inscriptata of 

 Donovan, fimbriata of Haworth, and ne- 

 glectata of Stephens, are all referred by 

 Guenee to this species. 



The head of the CATERPILLAR is rather nar- 

 rower than the body, and not notched on 

 the crown; the body is stout, velvety, and 

 cylindrical; the colour of the head is dull 

 green, the mouth tinged with purple ; the 

 body is apple green above, but liable to great 

 variation, purple markings sometimes appearing 

 on all the segments ; the back of the second 



