GEOMETE11S. 



119 



it: " The caterpillar is as beautiful as the 

 lotli ; is of an apple-green colour, the in- 

 jisions of the segments being yellow; the 

 lorsal area is brighter, and is ornamented at 

 anterior margin of every segment with a 

 mil triangular red spot. It feeds in June, 

 )n fruit trees." 



The MOTH appears on the wing in Hay and 

 I une, and has been taken in Herefordshire, 

 Cambridgeshire, Gloucestershire, and Sussex, 

 ^nerally, if not exclusively, in apple orchards, 

 [t is extremely rare in collections, probably 

 owing to its not having been sought at the proper 

 times, and in the proper places ; it settles on the 

 trunks of apple trees, generally just below the 

 first branching, and owing to its exact simi- 

 larity to the colour of the bark, is difficult to 

 find, but may be induced to fly by giving the 

 trunk a sharp stroke with a thick stick. (The 

 scientific name is Eupitliecia consignata.} 



258. The Toadflax Pug (Eupithceia linariata}. 



258. TUB TOADFLAX PUG. The fore wings 

 re very variegated ; at the base is a smoky- 

 jlack spot on the costa, almost surrounded by 



paler space ; then follows a transverse chest- 

 lut-coloured band, paler on the outside ; then 



broad black band, having a transverse dis- 

 3idal spot, deeper black ; this is bordered on 

 each side by a white line ; beyond this white 

 line is a pale wainscot bar, then a chestnut 

 bar, then a white line, and, lastly, a darker 

 but somewhat variegated bar, occupying the 

 hind margin ; the hind wings are smoky 

 gray, paler across the middle ; the head is 

 smoky black, the thorax chestnut-brown ; the 

 body is black at the base, paler towards the 

 extremity, with a medio-clorsal series of small 

 black spots. 



Mr. Crewe describes the CATERPILLAR as 

 "short, stumpy, and slightly tapering to- 

 wards the head; when young, it is bright 

 yellow, with blackish dorsal spots ; when 

 full-fed, yellowish green, with a series of 

 large dull olive, or rust-coloured, dorsal spots 



or bars, running the whole length, and bor- 

 dered on either side by a dusky olive line ; 

 the head is nearly black ; the belly, dusky ; 

 the spiracles, black ; the body is sprinkled 

 with short whitish hairs, and here and there 

 studded with black tubercles ; the dorsal 

 markings are frequently very indistinct, and 

 sometimes wanting altogether, and the cater- 

 pillar is then of a uniform yellowish green. It 

 feeds iu August and September on the flowers 

 and seeds of the common wild snap-dragon, or 

 yellow toad-flux (L/'naria vulgaris}. It is un- 

 certain in, its appearance, being one year ex- 

 ceedingly abundant and' the next very scarce. 

 The CHRYSALIS, which is enclosed in an earthen 

 cocoon, has the abdomen reddish yellow ; the 

 tip blood-red ; the thorax and wing-cases, 

 olive." 



The MOTH appears on the wing in June, and 

 has been taken in most of our English coun- 

 ties, but not in Ireland ; in very warm seasons 

 it is double-brooded. (The scientific name is 

 Eupithecia linariata.} 



259. The Foxglove Pug (Eupitheciu pulehellata). 



259. THE FOXGLOVE PUG. The fore wings 

 are very variegated ; at the base of the wing 

 a portion of the area is divided from the re- 

 mainder by a black line ; the upper portion of 

 this area is almost black, the lower portion 

 generally pale ; this is followed by a white 

 zigzag bar ; then follows a transverse chest- 

 nut-coloured baud, paler on the outside ; then 

 follows a broad d irk band, having a transverse 

 discoidal black spot, and many other mark- 

 ings ; this band is bordered on each side by a 

 white line ; beyond this is a pale wainscot 

 bar, then a second chestnut bar, then a white 

 line, and, lastly, a darker, but variegated bar, 

 occupying the hind margin ; the hind wings 

 are smoky gray, paler across the middle, and 

 having certain indistinct darker zigzag lines ; 

 the head is dark ; the thorax, chestnut-brown ; 

 the body, black at the base, and paler towards 



