GEOMETERS. 



12.5 



irkings both, on the costal and inner margin, 

 flute spot in the anal angle, and paler as 

 sll as darker markings on all the wing-rays ; 

 1, moreover, certain transverse gray mark- 

 ;s which alternate with the darker markings 

 the costal as well as inner margin ; there is 

 rery perceptible but not large discoidal spot : 

 hind wings are brownish gray, with a 

 nil! discoidal spot, and the hind margin is 

 darker, which makes an extreme marginal 

 pale line very conspicuous ; the fringe is alter- 

 nated with two shades of brown : the- head, 

 thorax, and body are gray-brown, the body 

 having the margins of the segments much 

 darker, and each terminating in a delicately 

 white and very narrow belt ; the contrast of 

 the very dark brown and pure white makes 

 this annular ornamentation the more con- 

 spicuous. 



The CATERPILLAR is thus described by Mr- 

 Crewe: "Rather short and stumpy, alto- 

 gether a most dumpy-looking caterpillar; of 

 the same thickness from head to tail ; the 

 ground colour is grass-green ; the central dor- 

 sal line is dark green and slender, the tip 

 ways purplish brown or purple ; the sub- 

 sal lines are broader, dark green, edged 

 .erioiiy with pale straw-colour, and pos- 

 iorly sometimes with purple ; the spiracular 

 line is waved, pale yellow or straw-colour ; 

 e head is slightly bifid, and when at rest, 

 ed inwards ; it is of a dusky purple colour, 

 letimes almost black ; the segmented divi- 

 ns are yellowish. It feeds on the common 

 juniper (Juniperus communing, and is found 

 full-fed from the middle to the end of Sep- 

 tt'inlter." 



The MOTH appears on the wing in May, and 

 has been taken by Mr. Logan near Edinburgh, 

 but I believe neither in England nor Ireland. 

 (The scientific name is Eupithecia helveticata}. 

 Obs. Mr. Crewe observes that this species 

 is often a month or six weeks earlier than 

 Eupithecia arceuthata ; also that the cater- 

 pillar is shorter and more stumpy, and its 

 colour duller. 



269. FREYER'S PUG. The fore wings are 

 brownish gray, with four pale waved bars ; 

 three of them are rather broad and double ; 



that is to say, they are intersected throughout 

 by a slender dark line ; the fourth, nearer 

 to the hind margin, is single and zigzag ; the 

 extreme hind margin is pale, and the fringe 

 is dark interiorly, and paler exteriorly; the 

 boundary of the two tints being clearly defined ; 

 there is generally no very distinct discoidal 

 spot, but there are two longitudinal series of 

 white dots, extending from tne base of the 

 wing to the third double band ; one of these 

 is about midway between the costal and inner 

 margin, the other is half-way between this 

 first and the inner margin : the hind winga 

 are brownish gray, with a short double trans- 

 verse bar originating at the inner margin, and 

 scarcely reaching the middle of the wing, and 

 half-way between this and the hind margin 

 is a single pale bar extending entirely across 

 the wing ; the extreme margin and fringe 

 are as in the fore wings, and there is a dis- 

 coidal spot slightly indicated; the head, thorax, 

 and body are gray-brown. 



The CATERPILLAR is thus described by Mr. 

 Crewe : " Short and plump, of the same thick- 

 ness from head to tail ; the ground-colour is 

 grass-green ; the central dorsal line dark green ; 

 the subdorsal lines pale yellow, or yellowish 

 white, posteriorly dark green ; the spiracular 

 line is white or yellowish ; the . segmental 

 divisions yellow : the head is somewhat bifid, 

 when at rest it is slightly curved inwards, and 

 invariably of a uniform dull green colour ; the 

 belly is bright green ; the central ventral line 

 is yellow, and the tip of the central dorsal 

 line always dark green ; the spaces between 

 the subdorsal and spiracular lines are darker 

 green than the rest of the body. It feeds 

 from the end of September to the middle of 

 November, and is seldom full-fed before the 

 middle of October ; it will feed on cypress if 

 reared from the egg in confinement, but in a 

 state of nature it feeds on the common juniper 

 (Juniperus communis]. The CHRYSALIS is en- 

 closed in a slight earthen cocoon : its wing- 

 cases are transparent yellowish green ; the 

 thorax and body being rather paler ; the tip 

 of the body is dull red." 



The MOT n: appears on the wing in May : the 

 caterpillar has been obtained in Buckingham- 



