GEOMETEES. 



177 



E 



argin and expanding into a pale gray blotch 

 ar the anal angle ; the margin itself has 

 slender but very distinct dark brown line 

 Rowing its sinuosities : the hind wings are 

 gy brown, with about six transverse, waved 

 whitish lines : the head and thorax have the 

 ame colour as the fore wings ; the body the 

 me colour as the hind wings, each segment 

 aving a gray margin and an indication of two 

 dark spots placed transversely. 



Mr. Ore we thus describes the CATERPILLAR : 

 The ground colour is pale yellowish green, with 

 two whitish yellow central dorsal stripes ; 

 there are two sub-dorsal stripes also whitish 

 yellow ; the spiracular stripe is bright yellow 

 aud orange ; the back and sides are occa- 

 sionally studded with a few black tubercles, 

 and always with a few short whitish hairs ; 

 the belly is destitute of markings. It feeds 

 on the common buckthorn (Ilhamnm cathar- 

 tieus'), and is full-fed about the middle of 

 June, when it forms an earthen cocoon, and 

 therein changes to a dark reddish brown 



CHRYSALIS. 



The .MOTH appears on the wing in August, 

 d the impregnated females hybernate and 

 deposit their EGGS in the spring, the males 

 ing destroyed by the early frosts at the 

 p roach of winter. It occuis in most of the 

 glish counties, and is reported from Scotland 

 d Ireland. (The scientific name is Scotosia 

 it ata.} 



346. The Brown Scallop (Scotoiia vetulattt}. 



346. Ta"fc BROWN SCALLOP. The antenna 



are simple in both sexes ; the hind margin oi 



the fore wings is slightly waved, that of the 

 hind wings scalloped ; the colour of all the 

 wings is a faded grayish brown, thickly pow- 

 dered with excessively minute darker dots, each 

 of which generally consists of a single scale ; 

 some of these dots are so grouped as to form 

 j very indistinct, waved, transverse lines, which 

 are more distinct and spot-like on the costal 

 margin, but become obscure and difficult to 

 trace on the disk of the wing ; there are also 

 two slender transverse whitish lines, which 

 seem designed to mark the limits of a median 

 band, the baud itself being obsolete ; between 

 these lines is an obscure roundish discoidal 

 spot ; on all the wing-rays of both fore and 

 hind wings are pale spots or dots : the head, 

 thorax, and body, are of the same colour as 

 the wings ; the body of the male has a large 

 tiifid tuft at the extremity. 



The CATERPILLAR, as described by Mr. 

 Crewe, is short and stout, and in form much 

 resembles that of the winter moth ; the back 

 aud a central dorsal stripe are black, the latter 

 bordered with white ; the sides are yellow ; 

 the spiracular line is black, broken, and un- 

 connected ; the spiracles are black; the head 

 is black ; the collar yellow, with a transverse 

 blackish dotted line. It feeds on the common 

 buckthorn (Rhamnns cathart tens], residing 

 between two leaves which it spins together ; 

 it eats the outer cuticle of the leaf, leaving the 

 membrane bare, and is full-fed the first week 

 in June, when it descends to the ground and 

 spins an earthen cocoon, in which it changes 

 to a long and slender CHRYSALIS, the body of 

 which is tapering and bright red, the divisions 

 being dark red; the wing-cases are paler, and 

 semi-transparent. 



The MOTH appears on the wing at the end 

 of June, and is not uncommon in the southern 

 counties of England ; but has not been re- 

 ported from Scotland or Ireland. (The 

 scientific name is Scotosia vetulatn.} 



Ols. Ha worth invites especial attention 

 to the trifid tuft which terminates the body 

 of the male : there are perhaps some indica- 

 tions of this character in other cognate Geo- 

 meters, but in tills species alone is it developed 

 in such an cxtraoidinary manner. 



EDWARD NEWMAN'S BuiTrsii , 

 iloTm No. 12, PRK-E 6n. i 



i LOKDON : W. TWKEEIE, 

 1 Vl, STBAND. 



