8o A COLONIAL AUTOCRACY. 



the payments for licences. There is no need to include quit- 

 rents, as none were collected before 1822. In 1811 the Police 

 Fund reached 10,000, and by 1820 it had risen to 25,884. 1 

 The objects for which the Fund was established were 

 specified as " gaol and police expenses of every description . . . 

 together with such other expenses as might necessarily be 

 incurred in ornamenting and improving the town of Sydney 

 and in constructing and repairing the quays, wharfs and bridges, 

 streets and roads within the limits thereof". 2 But there was 

 in fact no charge which could be incurred which was not from 

 time to time defrayed out of the Police Fund. 3 It went, however, 

 but a little way in meeting the needs of the Colony. The burden 

 on the Imperial Treasury before 1817 was nearly 240,000 per 

 annum, and after that year it increased in consequence of the 

 increase in the number of convicts transported. In 1814, a 

 fair average year, the expenditure in round numbers was as 

 follows 4 : 



1. Transportation of convicts . . 55,000 



2. Food sent from England for the 



convicts (salt pork, etc.) . . 23,000 



3. Clothing, tools, stationery and other 



manufactured goods sent from 



England for the use of Government 31,000 



4. Expense of Marine Establishment 



(vessels which went to and fro from 



Van Diemen's Land to Newcastle) i,7oo 5 



5. Expense of Military Establishment 20,000 



6. Expense of Civil Establishment . 13,000 



7. Bills drawn by the Governor, Com- 



missioner, etc., for the purchase of 

 provisions, etc., for the use of the 

 Colony, and paid by the Treasury. 83,900 

 Total, 227,600. 



1 See Appendix to Bigge's Reports. R.O., MS. 



8 Wylde's Evidence, Appendix to Bigge's Reports. R.O., MS. Wylde 

 quotes Macquarie's Order, 1810. 



3 Ibid. * P.P., 1816. 



9 These are the figures belonging to 1813, as in 1814 there were some 

 exceptional expenses under this head. 



