n 



rill: BONES. 



and forwards. It 

 , three borders, and 



MIOUt.DEU. 



Iii solii>c<l8, this region has for its base n single bono, tho sc<tj>nl<i or 

 omopiaL 



Scapula. 



This is a flat, triangular, and asymmetrical bone, prolonged at its 

 superior border by a flexible cartilage, articulated interiorly with tin- 



limnerus only, and applied 



Fig. 41 1. against tho lateral plane <>f tin- 



thorax in an oblique direcfinn 

 downwards 

 IKIS timfiii-i' 

 tin- 1 'I- angles. 



Faces. Tho external/ 

 divided by the scapular or </- 

 miau spine, into two cavities of 

 unequal width tho supra and 

 infraspinous (or antea and j><>*t> 

 8pinahui)fofsx. The spine is a very 

 salient crest which runs the win >li 

 length of tho external scapular 

 surface ; very elevated in its 

 middle part, which shows an 

 irregular enlargement the / 

 rosily of tho spine it insensibly 

 decreases towards its two ex- 

 tremities. Tho mipratpinotu 

 fossa, tho narrowest, is situated 

 above, or rather in front of the 

 spine ; it is regularly concavo 

 from side to side, and perfectly 

 smooth. Tho ift/ftupMOtU fossa 

 is twice the width of tho pro- 

 ceding, and occupies all tho sur- 

 face behind tho spine. It ex- 



1, Anterior border; 2, Superior margin for insertion hibits : * Below, and near the 

 of cartilage ; 3, Tuberosity of the spine ; 4, Antea- 

 spinat.us fossa; ">. I'ostr ..-spinal us fossa; 6, Neck 



of the scapula; 7, Coracoid process; 8, Glenoid insertion; 2, Near the neck, the 



nutritious foramen of tho bone, 

 and some vascular grooves. 



Tho internal face is excavated in its centre to form a hollow called the 

 fon?a, which is prolonged superiorly by throe diverging points. 

 Tho median point extends to the superior border of the bone, and separates 

 two roughened triangular surfaces destined for muscular implantation. 



Borders. The superior is indented by an irregular groove to receive tho 

 inferior margin of the cartilage of probmgmeiU. Tho latter is convex on its 

 superior border, extends beyond tho posterior angle of tho bone, and 

 gradually diminishes in thickness as it leaves its point of attachment. 

 In old horses it is nearly always found partially ossified. The mitri-inr 

 /";/<;-, thin mid sharp, is convex in its superior two-thirds, and slightly 

 concavo for the remainder of its extent. The jwstcrior is thicker and a little 

 concave. 



THE KIOIIT SCAPOLA; OUTKR SURFACE. 



posterior border, several rows 

 of roughened lines for muscular 



