178 



////: MI ,s< / KS. 



In thiK work we will follow the nomenclature of Bourgelut, which will 

 however, bo submitted to some change. But an tin names Driven by (Jirard 

 aro, in our opinion, of some assistance to students, care will be taken to 

 iiielu.le them in the synonymy. 



(It only remains for ino to add that Chauveau's nomenclature will 

 be followed as closely ns possible. It possesses advantages which are 

 greatly superior to that adopted by Pcrcivall ; and as, in my opinion, tho 

 names and terms imported into science should bo as nearly alike in all 

 languages as maybe compatible with circumstances, in order to facilitate 

 study, comparison, and reference, I the more readily venture to take this 

 step. Percivall's nomenclature will, however, be added in brackets to the 

 synonyms, as well as that of Leyh and Gurlt when occasion appears to 

 demand it.) 



8TRUCTU11E OF THE STRIPED MUSCLES. 



There enter into the structure of muscles: 1, Muscular tissue, properly 

 so-called ; 2, Conjunctival tissue in the form of delicate 

 lamellae, aponeuroses, or tendons ; 3, Vessels and nerves. 



A. MUSCULAR TISSUE. This tissue is compose. 1 .,f 

 prismatic fasciculi, which it is possible to divide and 

 subdivide into several smaller and smaller fasciculi, 

 until the muscular fibre or primitive fasciculus is reached. 



The muscular fibre is a kind of irregular polyhedron, 

 with rounded angles, and extremities terminating in a 

 blunt point. It is sometimes straight, sometimes 

 wrinkled, but always striped either in a longitudinal or 

 transversal direction, or both at once. 



This fibre is formed by an envelope and contents. 



The envelope is a very delicate, structureless mem- 

 ^ rano f an clastic nature, named the sarcolemma or 

 Nuclei in greater or less number can be 



Fig. 95. 



as to allow the ulti- 

 mate fibrilla; to be 

 seen. 



n, I-I.TIMATK FIHKII, 



c, Muscular fibre more 

 highly magnified, its myolemma. 

 myolemma being so seen on its inner face. 



thin and transparent The contents are resolved into contractile fibrillte and 

 an interstitial substance. 



The contractile fibritta constitutes the primary ele- 

 ment of striped muscle. It is a minute column whose 

 surface, according to Rouget, exhibits the alternate prominences and 

 depressions of the turns of a more or less fine screw ; and which, according 



to Bowman, is formed by a mass of 

 small discs, named by him the sarcous 

 elements. 



The interstitial substance, granular 

 and nucleated, unites tho fibrillae in 

 the interior of tho sarcolemma and, 

 in addition, according to Bowman's 



ACROSS, SlIOWIN., , ., . ' ,. 



coxM-ii\,, hypothesis, tho discs entering into 

 the composition of each fibrilla. 



The aggregation of the fibrillro 

 produces tho longitudinal striation : tho transverse striation is the result 



enormous muscle in the smaller Ruminants, is represented in Solipeds by two consider- 

 able muscles, much more voluminous than tho inusolu imalogous to the great pectoral. 

 It is only necessary, in this case, to change their names into superficial and deep 

 pi ctorals. 



MUSCri.Al: I ll:l:K 



Illl. r.VinliN SAP.''., 1. 1. MM A 

 llll. FRAGMENTS. 



