/7M/. fV/.Y>7/>/;/M77o.\> "\ Till: >Tlill'Kl> Ml'*' LE8. 



Fig. 97 



rKANsVERSE SECTION OF FROZEN MI x I.I , 



M.V'.NII 11:1. 41 MI 



rither of the helieoid disposition of tho fibrillie, or of tho fusion of the 

 sarcons elements which compose tho latter, according to tin- admitted opinion 

 as to the structure of tho contractile element. 



Tin- muscular fibres are united parallel to each <>tli> r t<> form secondary 

 fasciculi, which an- surrounded by a con- 

 junetival slit-ath the jr/;,^/.s//////. Tho 

 secondary fasciculi are laid together to 

 e institute more voluminous fasciculi 

 \vhieh. in their turn, form the entire 

 muscle. Tho conjuuctival sheath enve- 

 loping tho muscle is named the external 

 (tymum. 



B. TENDONS AM> AIONECKOSES. The 



! 'ns are white, nacreous, round, or 

 Hattem/d cords fixed to the extremities of 

 the long muscles. They are composed 

 of fasfieuli of condensed conjunctival 



i<\ affeeting a parallel direction, and 

 united to one another by connective 



sh<-aths. 



The aponeurows belong almost ex- 

 elusively to the wide muscles ; they are 

 formed ef several planes of parallel fibres 

 which are not intercrossed in their 

 middle part : at their superficies, how- 

 ever, the fibrous fasciculi are matted toge- 

 ther in a more or less inextricable manner. 



It is very interesting to study tho 

 mode of union of the muscular fibres 

 with the tissue of the aponeuroses and 

 tendons, as well as the reciprocal rela- 

 tions ..f these two parts. 



The muscular filtro may be found passing in tho same direction as the 

 tendon, or it may fall ujxm tho latter obliquely. In both cases there is no 

 :-ilile transition between tho muscular fibre and the fasciculus of the 

 fibrous tissue ; on the contrary, the.eontraetile fibre terminates by a rounded 

 extremity, which is buried in a corresponding depression in the tendon or 

 a] "'neurosis. Tho union of the muscular with the fibrous tissue is very 

 intimate : when tho muscles are submitted to a degree of traction sufficient to 

 cause a rupture, this never hapi>ens at the point of union. 



The tendons commence sometimes by a hollow cone, which receives on 



its internal fare the insertions of its muscular fibres; and sometimes by a 



thin point, often divided, which is plunged into the substance of the miiseh . 



worthy of remark that a muscle provided with two tendons shows the 



tamed arrangement at one of its extremities, and the other at its oppo- 



iiity ; so that all the fibres which compose the muscle offer marly 



the same length, those which leave the summit of the internal tendon being 



to tho bottom of the hollow cone formed by tho second tendon, and so 



on reciprocally. 



'I'ln muscular fibres which are continued by the fibrous fasciculi may bo 

 divergent or parallel. In the first case the diaphragm, for example the 

 connective fibres run in the same direction as tho muscular fibres. In the 

 second case, several arrangements may be observed : 



M 2 



N, Nerve; M, Muscular fibre, surrounded 

 by portions of six others. 3, Nucleus 

 of the nerve sheath; 6, Nucleus of the 

 sarcolemma ; c, Section of nucleus of 

 terminal plate of nerve ; d, Transverse 

 section of terminal plate, surrounded 

 by granular material ; e, Transverse 

 section of muscle nuclei ; /, Fine fat 

 drops. The angular dark particles are 

 sections of sarcous elements : the clear 

 intervening spaces represent the fluid 

 isotropal part of the muscle substance. 



