214 



mi-: 



the origin of tho anterior straight muscle of the thigh, from which it is 

 Oparatnl l'\ .1 spiu'i li!!.'.l v.itli t-it ; iii\\;ir.lly. uith tli-- n uril \v-x-ls. It 

 passes between tho vastus interuus and tho pectincus, to reach the 

 trochanter. 



Actions. It is a flexor and rotator outwards of the thigh. 



4. Small Psoas Muscle. (Fig. 108, 2.) 



Synonyms. Psoas of tho loins Bourgelat. Suhlumln puhinlin, or sublumbo-ili.i.-ii.-i, 

 according to G Irani. (l'oo parous Percivall. The loiitljo-ilitmi* of Lryh.) 



Situation Form Structure. Placed at the inner side of the great psoas, 

 very much elongated, and semipcnnifonn in shape, this muscle is terminated 

 behind by a flattened tendon, and is composed of fleshy fibres, the longest of 

 which are anterior. These fasciculi are all directed backwards and-outwards 

 to gain the tendon. 



Attachments. 1, To the bodies of the three or four last dorsal, and to all 

 the lumbar vertebrae, by the anterior extremity of its fleshy fibres ; 2, To 

 the ilio-pectineal eminence and the lumbo-iliac aponeurosis, by the posterior 

 extremity of its tendon. 



Relations. By its inferior face with the pleura, the superior border of the 

 diaphragm, the aorta or posterior vena cava, and the great sympathetic 

 nerve ; by its upper face, with the psoas magnus. It is traversed, near its 

 vertebral insertions, by numerous vascular and nervous branches. 



Actions. It flexes the pelvis on the spine, when the loins are tho fixed 

 point ; but should the pelvis be fixed, it arches or laterally inclines the lumbar 

 region. It is also the tensor nuiscle of the lumbo-iliac aponeurosis. 



Fi S- 109 - 5. Square Muscle of the Loins. 



(Fig. 109, 1.) 



Synonym*. Sacro-costalis 

 ttinird. (Sacro-lumbalis Percirnll. 

 Quadratus lumborum of Man.) 



Situation Form Structure 

 Attachments. This muscle is 

 comprised between tho trans 

 verse processes of the lumbar 

 region and the great psoas, and 

 is elongated from before to be- 

 hind, flattened above and below, 

 and divided into several very 

 tendinous fasciculi. The prin- 

 cipal fasciculus, situated out- 

 wardly, takes its origin from 

 the sacro-iliac ligament, near 

 tho angle of the sacrum, and ex- 

 tends directly forward to gain 

 the posterior border of the last 

 rib, after being attached by its 

 upper face to the summits of the 

 transverse processes of tho lum- 

 bar vertebra. Tho other fasci- 

 culi are longer as they are an- 

 torior; they leave the internal 

 border of the first, and are directed obliquely forward and inward, to be 



DEEP MUSCLES OF THE SUIILUMI1AR REGION. 



1, Quadratus lumborum ; 2, 2, Intcrtransversalcs ; 

 :'., Small retractor muscle of the last rib a de- 

 j>endent of the small oblique of the abdomen. 



