H i 



Till: MCSCLES 



a thinl (Fi^. 1MI, '.*)< wide, Hut, and often very voluminous, situated !>. t\\ccn 

 the ptvrrding und the external obturator; it in attach < d, by its inner l>..nlrr, 

 to tho external border of tho i8chium,c<>ntr.irt ing intimate adhesions with tin; 

 other t\vo un<l with tlio tomlon of tin- internal obturator, and becoming 

 inserted by the whole extent of its external bonier into the digital fossa. 



Halation*. The gemelli respond posteriorly, to tho sciatic n- 

 anteriorly, to the capsule of tho hip-joint and tlio external obtunil <r, 

 through the medium of an adipose cushion. 



Action. Like the preceding muscle, these rotate the thigh outwards, 

 and perhaps tend to produce tho abduction of this ray. 



Fig. 132. 



DIFFERENTIAL CHARACTERS OF THE MUSCLES OF THE THIGH IN OTHER THAN SOLIPED 



ANIMALS. 



A. Anterior Crural Region. 



In the Ox, Sheep, and Goat, the muscle of the fascia lata is much wider than in 

 Solipeds. In the Dog and Cat, this muscle offers in front a supernumerary fasciculus 

 a long thick band, confounded inwardly with the long abductor of the leg, and extending 

 vertically from the external angle of the ilium to the patella, into which it is inserted l,y 

 a short aponeurosis. 



Tlie anterior rectu* of the thigh in tho Dog and Shtephas only one originating branch. 



Tho anterior gracilis, the very small muscular fasciculus, is only present in Solipeds 

 and Carnivores. 



B. Posterior Crural Region. 



RUMINANTS. In the Ox, Sheep, and Goat, the two portions of the long vastus are 

 but little distinct from each other, and the anterior is reinforced superiorly by the 

 superficial gluteus, which, with the long vastus, forms but one remarkably developed 

 muscle. 



Tho internal face of this muscle has 

 no point of attachment on the femur; it 

 glides behind the trochanter by means of 

 a vast mucous bursa, which is often (he- 

 scat of pathological alterations synovia! 

 tumours which constitute the MOMifajM off 

 ijnut of the larger Ruminants. Another 

 synovial bursa, liable to the .-ame 

 maladies, covers the patcllar tendon of the 

 muscle on its passage over tho external 

 eundyle of the femur, and facilitates its 

 gliding on that b.>ny eminence. IJetore 

 joining the external pat< liar lii^im. nt, 

 this tendon shows a very thick, tiliro- 

 cartilaginous enlargement and ne'-ivrs 

 some of the fibres of the external va-tnn. 

 Another arrangement in this mu-elr, 

 which it is essential to reorignise in a 

 surgical point of view, is the union of the 

 anterior border of the ///;/ vaxttut of tho 

 Ox with the /,/>.-/,( Iain, wln>.-c two 

 laiiK llaj comprise tint ninscl.- lt\vcrn 

 them, and eloM-ly aillir;,- to cueh of its 

 laces. It very frc<|iiently IIU]I|M n.s that 

 in emaciated 1 a-ts, this fascia is ruptured 

 at the trochantrr, and the latter, instead 



M I-I.KH.-IAL MI-S.-M-.S OK -nil: .'Hoc]- A.M. 

 IN "" " >u - 



of gliding on the inner face of the 

 vastus, slips before its anterior lx>nler to 

 p.^ thnm^li the solution of continuity, 

 whercitisnxodsofirBilythatitissoni;- 

 l, Mi'Mli- ^liitcal; 2, 2, Ix>ng vastus; anterior times necessary to cut across the fibi 

 |xirtiou; :5, I>itto, iMisti-rinr |prtinn; 4, Soini- tho long vastns in order to give the limb 

 t'-ti'liti".Mi- : .'>, Mii-'-l'' nf tip f.i-i i.i l.it.i. j libcrly of movement. 



