375 



are universally regarded as constrictors. 



Sometimes two fasciculi are observed in the crico-pharyngeus. The 

 supplementary fasciculus is somewhat thin, and arises from the posterior 

 border of the bezil of the cricoid cartilage, ascending parallel to the oeso- 

 phagus to terminate with the principal fasciculus. 



ARYTENO-PHAUYNGEUS. By this name has been described a small fasci- 

 culus, extremely thin in Solipeds, which extends from the posterior border 

 of the arytenoid cartilage to the origin of the oesophagus. To expose this 

 muscle, which we do not look upon as constant, it is necessary to turn the 

 u'sophagus forward on the superior surface of the pharynx. 



SIYLO-PHAUYNGEUS. A narrow band which descends from the great 

 hyoidoal branch to the side of the pharynx, where it is confounded with 

 the pterygo-pharyugeus. It elevates the pharynx in contracting, and it is 

 also regarded as a dilator ; though the disposition of the parietes of the 

 pharynx, and the feeble volume of this muscle, scarcely allows it to play 

 tiny i InrtN'ious part in the dilatation of that cavity. It may only produce 

 y slight iufimdibulum where it is inserted. The real dilating agent 

 of the phiiryngeul cavity is the alimentary bolus, which is pushed into it by 

 the action of the tongue (Fig. 149, 5). 



Fig. 170. 



MUSCLES OF TUB PHAUYNGEAL AND HYOIDEAL REGIONS. 



1. < Monoid cavity <>f tfmix.ral b-me ; _', Sti|icrii>r extremity of styloid bone; :5, 

 f palati with its ]mllry, ">; 4, Stylo-pharyn^-"- : "'-. i':ilat.>-|iharyn-. 

 !ii!.-xii-i palati: s. PterfgO-pharjV - ildinsual gland; 10, Portion 



.f hyuiil bone; 11, Hyo-i.liaryncr.-us ; Li| ThrnHpharjOgtl -]li:iryn- 



: It. Portion of strlo-pharyugcus; 1", Uyo-tliymi i . l,,i,| bone; 



ico-arvtcnoiil-us' lati-ralis ; is, (Ksophajjus ; lit, St.-n>.>-inaxill.iris and 

 hyc.idi;us, and subscapulo hyoideus; 20, Trachea; 'Jl, Har-l palate; '.'I', Tongue. 



It is not rare to meet a second alylo-pJmryngeug muscle terminating on 

 .inn: point as the first, but proceeding from the inferior rxtivmity of the 

 l.iaii<-li of tin; os hyoidi-s, instead of its upper part. 



Certain anatomists designate it the inferior kerato-pharyngeus, and c-oii- 



it as a constrictor of the pharynx. It sometimes exists only .-n i>n- si.le. 



:;. I The blood sent to the pharynx comes from the 



